Thaum thawj zaug pib hauv xyoo 1950, tshuaj noj tshuaj antidepressant tau siv los txo cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev nyuaj siab . Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav pab tau zoo rau ntau yam kev xav thiab kev ntxhov siab. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov kev kho ntau tshaj plaws rau kev ceeb ntshai (nrog lossis tsis muaj agoraphobia ).
Yuav Ua Li Cas Antidepressants Kho Mob Ntshai?
Cov tshuaj Neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj hauv lub paj hlwb uas raug coj los siv thiab ua rau kev tsis txaus siab rau cov neeg muaj kev xav thiab kev ntxhov siab .
Antidepressants ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau cov neurotransmitters nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas yuav pab txo tau kev ntxhov siab thiab txo tus zaus thiab siv ntawm kev sib ceg nres . Muaj ntau hom kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm ntau hom neurotransmitters.
Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab tshaj plaws rau cov pawg neeg tsis haum siab muaj xws li:
Kev Xaiv Tsa Tshuaj Txhuam Kom Zoo (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) (SSRIs)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors , los yog SSRIs, yog hom tshuaj antidepressant uas siv tau los kho cov tsiv siab tsis zoo. SSR ua hauj lwm kom sib npaug serotonin, ib tug neurotransmitter uas yog txuam nrog kev tswj ntawm ob peb lub cev lub cev, nrog rau kev xav thiab kev pw tsaug zog. Los tiv thaiv koj lub hlwb hlwb los ntawm kev nqus tau serotonin, SSRIs tuaj yeem pab ua kom zoo siab tuaj yeem thiab txo kev xav ntawm kev ntshai thiab kev ntxhov siab.
SSRIs tau xub pib hauv Tebchaws Meskas thaum xyoo 1980 thiab tseem muaj kev xaiv rau kev kho mob rau ntau lub paj hlwb.
SSRIs feem ntau nyiam vim lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb, kev ua tau zoo, thiab muaj kev phiv ntau dua lwm hom antidepressants.
Muaj qee qhov SSRIs uas muaj xws li:
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
Tricyclic antidepressants, los yog TCAs, txij thaum xyoo 1950.
Txawm tias tseem tsis tshua nyiam dua txij thaum qhia txog SSRIs, TCAs tseem siv los kho kho ntxhov siab thiab mob siab. Zoo ib yam li SSRIs, TCAs tseem ua haujlwm kom sib npaug serotonin ntau ntau. TCAs kuj cuam tshuam rau norepinephrine , neurotransmitter txuas rau neeg ras txog thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua los yog sib ntaus kev ntxhov siab.
Qee qhov TCA uas muaj xws li:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- Asendin (amoxapine)
- Norpramin (desipramine)
- Adapin, Sinequan (doxepin)
- Tofranil (imipramine)
- Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- Vivactil (protriptyline)
- Surmontil (trimipramine)
Cov tshuaj Monoamine Oxidase (MAOIs)
Ua ntej thaum xyoo 1950, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob (Monoine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) yog ib hom kab mob antidepressants. Vim muaj ntau cov kev txwv tsis pub noj haus thiab kev pheej hmoo siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw nrog MAOIs, SSRIs thiab TCAs feem ntau nyiam. MAOIs, tab sis, tseem xav tias yuav siv tau los kho cov mob uas muaj feem rau kev xav thiab ntxhov siab.
Ib yam li TCAs, MAOIs feem xyuam rau cov kev muaj nyob ntawm serotonin thiab norepinephrine. MAOIs ntxiv rau kev mob dopamine , ib tug neurotransmitter uas yog txuas rau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm, xws li ib lub zog, muaj zog, thiab kev xav ntawm kev xav.
Qee qhov MAOIs muaj xws li:
- Nardil (phenelzine)
- Parnate (tranylcypromine)
- Marplan (isocarboxazid)
- Emsam (selegiline)
Antidepressants thiab Kev Tua Yus Tus Kheej
Ib tsab ntawv ceeb toom tau muab tawm xyoo 2007 los ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Noj Mov thiab Tshuaj Yeeb Tshuaj (FDA) tom qab tshawb nrhiav pom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev siv antidepressant thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tua tus kheej. Lub FDA tau ceeb toom tias cov menyuam yaus, cov tub ntxhais hluas, thiab cov neeg laus pib thaum pib tua cov kab mob antidepressants tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov muaj feem xyuam ntawm kev xav phem thiab kev coj cwj pwm. Paub tias "black box warning," FDA hais tias tag nrho cov antidepressants qhia qhov kev ceeb toom no nrog rau cov tshuaj.
Cov neeg feem coob ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsis tuaj yeem khiav mus rau qhov no.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub ntxhais hluas nyuam qhuav pib thaum muaj kev tiv thaiv antidepressant yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom muaj kev nyuab siab, xav txog kev tua tus kheej, thiab tej yam ntxwv tsis zoo. Nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj lus nug thiab / lossis kev txhawj xeeb txog koj daim ntawv sau tshuaj antidepressant.
Qhov chaw:
Dudley, William. Antidepressants. San Diego, CA: Siv Point Xovxwm, 2008.
Silverman, Harold M. Cov Pill Book. 14th ed. New York, NY: Phau ntawv Bantam, 2010.