Philosopher thiab tus kws qhia ntawv
"Kuv ntseeg hais tias kev kawm, yog li ntawd, yog txheej txheem ntawm kev ua neej thiab tsis npaj rau yav tom ntej nyob." - John Dewey, Kuv Pedagogic Creed (1897)
John Dewey lub Koom Txig Feem Ntau Yam
John Dewey yog ib tug neeg Amelikas thiab tus kws qhia ntawv uas tau pab nrhiav pom kev pragmatism, lub tsev kawm ntawv philosophical thought uas nrov thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nws tseem yog cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm hauv txoj kev kawm ntawm txoj kev kawm, ntseeg tau tias qhov kev kawm zoo tshaj plaws yog kawm los ntawm kev ua.
Lub neej
John Dewey yug lub Kaum Hli 20, 1859, hauv Burlington, Vermont. Nws tuag rau Lub Hlis 1, 1952, hauv New York City, New York.
Hauj Lwm
John Dewey kawm tiav los ntawm University of Vermont thiab siv peb lub xyoo los ua ib tus xib fwb hauv tsev kawm ntawv hauv Ramsis City, Pennsylvania. Tom qab ntawd nws siv ib xyoos kawm hauv G. Stanley Hall hauv John Hopkins University hauv Amelikas txoj kev xav ua ntej . Tom qab tau txais nws tus Ph.D. ntawm John Hopkins, Dewey tau mus qhia nyob rau hauv University of Michigan rau ze li ib xyoo caum.
Xyoo 1894, Dewey txais ib txoj hauj lwm ua tus thawj coj ntawm fab tub ceev xwm, kev xav, thiab kev qhia ntawv hauv University of Chicago. Nws tau nyob hauv University of Chicago tias Dewey pib tsim kom nws cov lus pom zoo tias yuav ua rau nws hnyav heev rau lub tsev kawm ntawv uas xav paub tias yog pragmatism. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm pragmatism yog qhov tseem ceeb, qhov tseeb lossis lub ntsiab ntawm ib lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv nws cov tswv yim zoo.
Dewey kuj tau tsim lub tsev kawm ntawv University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, uas nws tau mus ncaj qha rau nws cov xibfwb txoj kev xav.
Dewey tau ncaim ntawm University of Chicago thiab tau los ua xibfwb ntawm kev xav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Columbia txij xyoo 1904 txog thaum nws ua haujlwm rau xyoo 1930. Nyob rau xyoo 1905, nws tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm American Psychological Association .
Txoj kev koom tes rau Psychology
Dewey txoj haujlwm tau ua haujlwm tseemceeb rau kev xav txog kev xav, kev kawm ntawv thiab kev xav thiab nws feem ntau suav hais tias yog ib tus neeg xav zoo txog tiam 20th century. Nws hais txog kev kawm ntawv tau zoo heev rau kev siv cov kev sim kom paub ntau dua li txoj kev txawj ntse los ntawm kev paub. Dewey yog ib tus kws tshaj lij, tshaj tawm 1,000 phau ntawv, sau ntawv, thiab cov khoom ntawm ntau yam kev kawm xws li kev kawm, kos duab, xwm, kev xav, kev ntseeg, kev cai, kev ncaj ncees thiab kev cai ywj pheej ntawm nws qhov kev sau ntawv 65 xyoos.
Kev kawm Philosophy
Dewey tau ntseeg tias kev kawm tsis yog yuav tsum yog cov xibfwb qhia cov menyuam kawm paub qhov tseeb uas lawv yuav tsis nco qab sai sai. Nws xav tias nws yuav tsum yog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua neej, sib koom tes ua ke los tsim thiab nkag siab txog yam tshiab.
Dewey tseem xav tias tsev kawm ntawv sim ua kom lub ntiaj teb cais tawm ntawm cov tub kawm ntawv lub neej. Tsev kawm ntawv cov kev ua ub no thiab lub neej ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsum sib txuas nrog, Dewey ntseeg, los yog lwm tus kawm tiag tiag yuav tsis yooj yim. Cov tub ntxhais kawm txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv cov kev xav ntawm lub hlwb, piv txwv li, cov tib neeg thiab tsev neeg, yuav ua rau lawv txoj kev kawm tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ua rau kev kawm tsis tshua nco.
Ib yam li ntawd, cov tsev kawm ntawv tseem xav tau los npaj cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv rau lub neej hauv zej zog thaum sib txuas lus.
Cov Ntawv Tshaj Lij Xaiv
- Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv thiab Lub Koom Haum (1900)
- Tus Menyuam thiab Cov Ntawv Kawm (1902)
- Yuav Ua Li Cas Peb Xav Tau (1910)
- Kev Kawm thiab Xwm (1925)
- Kev ntseeg thiab kev ncaj ncees (1931)
- Paub thiab paub (1949)
Qhov chaw:
Dewey, J. (1897). Kuv Pedagogic Creed. School Journal, 54 , 77-80.
Hickman, P. (2000). John Dewey. Muskingum College, Department of Psychology. Nrhiav online ntawm http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/dewey.htm
Martin, Jay. (2003). Kev kawm ntawm John Dewey. Columbia University Xovxwm.
Neill, J. (2005). John Dewey, Leej Txiv Sij Hawm ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci. Wilderdom.com.
Soltis, JF "Dewey, John (1859-1952)." Encyclopedia ntawm kev kawm, Gale Group Inc. (2002).