Cocaine yog ib hom kab mob ua kom lub cev sai sai. Nws yog lub peev xwm ntawm tag nrho cov uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua pa thiab raug rho tawm ntawm nplooj ntawm coca bush. Nrog kev ua ntxiv, cov coca yoojyim ua neeg ua yeeb yam thiab kauj hlo uas yog muag ntawm txoj kev.
Txawm li cas los xij, vim hais tias nws yog feem ntau txiav nrog ntau yam khoom xyaw, koj yeej tsis paub dab tsi nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas koj yuav ntawm txoj kev.
Txawm tias qee qhov ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm no ua rau me ntsis ntau dua li cov neeg ua lag luam muag khoom noj khoom haus, lwm tus neeg muaj teeb meem thiab tuag taus. Qee cov muaj txawm tias yuav ntsi xws li cov yeeb tshuaj lub zog, uas ua rau cov neeg muaj kev paub ntau dua.
Cocaine Cov Khoom Hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv
Cocaine muaj tshuaj lom hu ua benzoylmethylecgonine . Nws pom nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawm Erythroxylum coca cog, uas hlob ntawm high altitude nyob rau hauv Andes Roob ntawm Peru, Bolivia, thiab Colombia, zoo li ntawm cov kob ntawm Java hauv Indonesia.
Cov neeg noj mov coca yoojyim los tsim tau lub siab ntawm lub zog thiab kev noj qab haus huv thiab txo kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov kev xyaum no tsis zoo li ua rau cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab los yog kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj .
Ntawm qhov tod tes, thaum cov coca yoojyim yog ua tiav rau hauv cov hmoov thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab ua kom tawg, nws yog artificially concentrated los ua kom muaj ntau qhov pib sai. Qhov no kuj yog dab tsi ua rau nws muaj ntau hom.
Thaum pib ua tiav, cov coca yoojyim yog ua rau cov tshuaj yeeb-ib qho dawb, txho, los yog npuas-xim av. Qhov nrab ntawm daim ntawv no muaj 40 feem pua rau 80 feem pua ntawm cov cocaine sulfate. Nws siv hauv South America thiab qee qhov chaw ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas, qhov chaw uas nws paub los ntawm cov npe noom los yog bazooka .
Tias cov tshuaj yeeb-yaj phom ntxiv yog ua kom zoo dua los tsim cov yeeb-tshuaj hlais hydrochloride, qhov tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv cov hmoov yeeb thiab cov yeeb dawb. Qhov kev pabcuam no yog qhov tseemceeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab nws yog lub luag haujlwm los ua cov tshuaj yeeb dawb. Nws yog muag li cov hmoov dawb uas feem ntau hnoos los yog " nqus tau " li ntawm lub taub ntswg. Cov neeg siv kuj tuaj yeem siv nws qhov ncauj los yog haus luam yeeb lossis hno nws.
Cocaine Yog "Txiav" Nrog Fillers
Yog tias koj siv cocaine, ces tej zaum koj twb paub lawm tias koj tsis noj cov tshuaj yeeb dawb. Cov yeeb tshuaj yeeb tshuaj feem ntau yog muag ntawm cov neeg muag yeeb tshuaj feem ntau yog cocaine hydrochloride uas yog "txiav" los yog tov nrog lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj peev xwm ua rau txog li 80 feem pua ntawm cov khoom muag.
Cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv uas muab txiav rau hauv cov yeeb yam sib txawv heev, uas ntxiv rau qhov txaus ntshai ntawm cov tshuaj. Ntawm qhov cov khoom siv yog:
- Cov txiaj ntsim nrog cov teebmeem ntawm kev xav lossis kev hno thuam uas ua rau tuaj yeem ua rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb-tshuaj muag raws li yeeb-tshuaj.
- Cov dej uas muaj kab mob uas ua kom muaj mob los ntawm toxicity, tiam sis tsis muaj teebmeem kev puas hlwb.
- Dawb hmoov uas tsuas yog ntsi xws li cov yeeb yam ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Psychoactive Cov khoom xyaw
Nws tsis zoo li hais tias txoj kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tib neeg muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj yog yeeb yaj kiab thiab qhov no ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Chelaper stimulants, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lwm cov dawb powdery stimulants xws li caffeine , feem ntau yog siv los txiav cov yeeb tshuaj. Amphetamines, Crystal meth, methylphenidate, ergotamine, thiab aminophylline kuj tseem sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj yeeb dawb.
Ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw uas tau muab txiav rau hauv cov yeeb tshuaj, fentanyl yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo loj tshaj plaws. Nws yog ntawm cov thawj ua rau loj zuj zus hauv kev tuag, dhau ntawm cov tshuaj tsawg. Muaj txawm tau tshaj tawm ntawm cov tib neeg dhau ntawm kev kov fentanyl.
Cov tswv lag luam tau sib tov ntau yam tshuaj yeeb nrog fentanyl. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj zog heev uas zoo li morphine, tiam sis yog 50 mus rau 100 npaug tshaj tus mob heroin.
Raws li fentanyl tsis yog tib hom tshuaj siv ua yeeb yam, nws yuav tsis zoo rau kev txiav txim tias nws yuav siv los txiav txoj kev ua yeeb yam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yeej tshwm sim, tejzaum nws vim yog txoj kev mob siab khov kho ob qho tib si tshuaj rau hauv cov neeg siv
Lwm hom kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv opioid, xws li carfentanil, tab tom pom muaj nyob rau hauv yeeb yaj kiab. Cov no yog cov neeg muaj hwj chim thiab muaj mob ntau tshaj li fentanyl.
Cocaine cov neeg siv feem ntau xav tsis thoob tias yuav pom tias lwm cov kev mob nkeeg no yog qhia txog kev tshuaj tua kab mob vim lawv ntseeg tias lawv tsuas yog haus cocaine. Thaum tseem muaj ntau txoj kev sib tw ntawm cov tshuaj stimulants, xws li cocaine thiab amphetamines, muaj kev sib tw dhau ntawm cov tshuaj opioid sib txawv. Cocaine thiab opioids ua haujlwm ntau heev, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub tias koj tau ua dab tsi.
Tshuaj lom cov khoom xyaw
Txawm hais tias nws tseem tsawg rau cov khoom xyaw lom kom tov rau hauv cov yeeb tshuaj, qhov kev piam sij no loj heev. Cocaine muaj cov tshuaj lom hu ua "cov neeg tuag" vim nws tuaj yeem ua kom tuag. Koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav kev pab tam sim ntawd yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg koj paub tau haus cocaine thiab tab tom muaj teebmeem phom sij.
Kev tshawb nrhiav txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj uas siv los ntawm kev tsis raug cai hauv online pom tau hais tias ze li ntawm 40 feem pua ntawm cov yeeb-tshuaj muaj levamisole, ib qho tshuaj tsis muaj nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Levamisole yog ib qho tshuaj siv tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv los tua thiab ntiab tawm cab cab hauv cov tsiaj. Hos muaj qee tus neeg tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm cov kab mob kho mob uas tau tshwm sim, tau qhia txog kev tuag.
Strychnine yog ib qho tshuaj lom uas muaj qee zaus xyaw nrog cov yeeb dawb. Nws yog siv hauv tshuaj lom tshuaj tsuag thiab tuaj yeem tua tau tib neeg. Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm strychnine lom yog zoo li cov teeb meem tsis zoo rau tib neeg qee zaum los ntawm cov yeeb dawb. Cov no muaj xws li kev ntxhov siab, kev pw tsaug zog, kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev nce qib pib.
Strychnine kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev muaj mob xws li mob leeg thiab mob taub hau, lub caj npab thiab ceg, thiab arching ntawm lub caj dab thiab sab nraub qaum. Qhov kev sib haum xeeb yog ib yam kab mob uas tau sib koom los ntawm cov pa roj ntsha xws li meth thiab ecstasy, yog li lawv yuav tsis yooj yim.
Arsenic, dhau lawm, qee zaum kuj raug txiav los ntawm cov yeeb tshuaj thiab ua rau tuag yog tias noj ntau npaum li cas. Cov teeb meem kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li lub plawv dhia lub plawv; kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha; txo cov ntshav ntawm tes; corns thiab warts rau ntawm txhais tes, taw, thiab npog tas ib ce; thiab mob cancer. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob arsenic muaj xws li ntuav, mob plab, raws plab, thiab koob thiab koob hauv tes thiab taw.
Cov khoom xyaw nrog tshuaj loog
Cocaine muaj ib lub txiaj ntsim zoo ntawm lub cev ntawm lub qhov ntswg, caj pas, thiab cov pos hniav. Vim li no, pheej yig thiab kev cai hauv zos anesthetics, xws li procaine (Novocain), lidocaine, tetracaine, thiab benzocaine, feem ntau yog sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj yeeb dawb. Qhov no muab cov neeg siv kev paub txog lub tswv yim uas cov neeg haus cawv uas lawv tau yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov tshuaj no tsis tsim cov tshuaj cocaine siab, tab sis lawv siv cov kev kho hniav thiab tsim kom zoo ib yam nkaus li thaum tsis hnov los sis plhws rau ntawm cov pos hniav. Tus neeg siv yuav qee zaum kuaj cov cocaine los ntawm muab tshuaj txhuam me ntsis ntawm cov hmoov ntawm lawv cov pos hniav. Thaum cov pos hniav yuav tsum tau mus tsuaj yog tias nws muaj yeeb yaj kiab, nws kuj yuav yog vim ib qho ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm txiav.
Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, lidocaine muaj nyob hauv ntau tshaj 66 feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj loog lawv siv los kho mob thiab kho hniav, lawv tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Cov tshuaj no muaj xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kev mob nkeeg thiab tej zaum lawv muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev mob tshwm sim kuj yuav tsis zoo thiab ntxhov siab vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cocaine, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim muaj cov teebmeem ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ua neej tsis zoo .
Muab Cov Khoom Muab Los Sib Cav
Ntau hom hmoov txhuam hauv av dawb siv los ua cov fillers, nrog rau cov ntse, hmoov nplej, pob kws, thiab ntau hom suab thaj. Lwm cov khoom xyaw uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom tab sis tsuas ua rau cov tshuaj muaj xws li ci dej qab zib, pob kws nplej siab, vitamin C hmoov, qabzib, cov tshuaj hmoov, thiab hmoov mis hmoov.
Muaj ntau cov khoom xyaw tau pom hauv qee yam kev kuaj ntshav:
- Quinine qee zaum ntxiv rau cov tshuaj yeeb rau nws txoj kev tsw
- Thiamin, tseem hu ua vitamin B1
- Tyramine , khoom noj khoom haus uas tuaj yeem ua rau yoov yoov, uas yog txaus ntshai rau cov neeg uas siv cov tshuaj monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- Sodium carbonate, tseem hu ua dej ntxuav
- Magnesium silicate, tseem hu ua asbestos
- Magnesium sulfate, kuj hu ua Epsom ntsev
- Salicylamide, ib qho mob uas tsis yog kws kho mob raug mob
- Nees nkaum-rau cov ntsiab lus tau pom nyob rau hauv kev tshawb ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, aluminium, iron, manganese, thiab zinc.
Freebase thiab kaus tob, uas yog hom cocaine uas tau raug kho kom zoo dua qub kom lawv tau haus luam yeeb, yog npaj siv alkalis. Cov no muaj xws li ammonia thiab sodium bicarbonate (ci dej qab zib) los yog cov kuab tshuaj, xws li ether.
Hla Txij Nkawm
Vim tas nrho cov txiav, koj yuav tsis tas qhia txog kev siv txoj kev ua yeeb yam los yog cov yeeb yaj kiab yog tiag tiag . Nws yog ua tau kom koj tsis tas siv cov tshuaj yeeb dawb. Los yog, koj tuaj yeem siv cov nqi tsawg tsawg ntawm cocaine dua li koj paub.
Qhov no tsis txhais hais tias cov khoom uas koj siv yog muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj phem ntau dua. Koj muaj peev xwm txawm ua quav rau ib yam khoom sib txawv rau nws thaum koj xav tias koj tau hooked rau cocaine.
Cov neeg siv cov neeg paub txog cov neeg siv tshuaj uas lawv kuaj los ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev kuj yuav poob rau hauv kev xav tias lawv siv cocaine. Qhov no tej zaum yuav ua rau lawv xav tias yog vim li cas lawv xav tias muaj kev puas siab ntsws los sis qaug zog .
Tus tib neeg siv yuav xav tias lawv tsuas yog loj hlob siab rau cov yeeb tshuaj thiab nce lawv cov tshuaj. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua rau cov yeeb tshuaj cocaine tshem tawm . Nyob rau hauv qhov phem tshaj plaws case scenario, nws yuav ua rau ib tug overdose yog hais tias tom ntej batch tus neeg siv yuav khoom muaj ntau dua cov ntsiab lus yeeb thiab lawv coj tus nqi tib yam li lawv tau ua nrog lub fake batch.
Lo Lus Ntawm
Txawm hais tias koj los sis tsis siv koj cov yeeb tshuaj tiag los yog lwm txoj kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, tej zaum nws yuav yog lub sij hawm los txiav luam yeeb. Yog tias koj xav tau kev pabcuam txog cov teeb meem uas muaj feem xyuam lossis muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, kev pabcuam thiab kev pabcuam ntau dua li yav dhau los.
Rau ntau, kev siv cocaine yog piav raws li kev ua si uas lawv siv nrog phooj ywg. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam, muaj peev xwm ua tau ib qho ntawm cov neeg koom tes nrog kev sib raug zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv yeeb tshuaj thaum koj nyob ib leeg yog qhov kev pheej hmoo siab tshaj plaws, uas tsis muaj leej twg hu tuaj pab rau lossis pab thawj zaug yog tias koj poob siab.
Yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj yeeb-yaj-kiab los ua qhov tsis zoo rau koj tus kheej lossis yog tias koj yog self-medicating vim koj xav mus nkaum siab kev nyuab siab , muaj ntau txoj kev zoo ntawm kev tswj ob. Kev siv cocaine tsis yog kev kho, vim, zoo li txhua tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, nws tsuas yog qhov teeb meem qhov teeb meem xwb thiab nws ua rau nws muaj teeb meem ntau dua.
> Qhov chaw:
> Caudevilla F, Ventura M, Fornís I, et al. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Kev Siv Tshuaj Tshuaj Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Cov Neeg Siv Cryptomarket. Thoob Ntiaj Teb Phau Ntawv Teev Tseg. 2016; 35 38-41. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.04.017
> Hammond B. Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine Kev Tiv Thaiv Kabmob Vasculitis: Case Report. Kev Tu Mob Ntsuas Mob Nyuaj Siab ; 37 (4): 49-57. 2017. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2017977.
> Knuth M, Temme O, Daldrup T, Pawlik E. Kev Tshawb Fawb Ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Rau Neeg Coj Tus Neeg Hlwb Hauv Cov Hlwb hauv Kev Txhaum Tshuaj Yeeb. Forensic Science International ; 285: 86-92. 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.02.001
> Prieto J, Scorza C, Valentini V, thiab lwm tus. Caffeine, ib qho Kev Ntaus Nkaus ntawm Neeg Cocaine, Txhim Kho Qhov Kev Ntxim Siab ntawm Cocaine thiab Nws Tus Ntaus Tus Zog. Psychopharmacology ; 233 (15-16): 2879-2889. 2016. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4320-z.
> Saraghi M, Hersh E. Muaj peev xwm Txawv ntawm Kev Txhaum Tshuaj Lawm Hauv Zos los ntawm Chaw Kho Hniav rau Kev Siv Cov Neeg Cog Lus Ua Si. Phau ntawv Journal of American Dental Association ; 145 (3): 256-259. 2014. doi: 10.14219 / jada.2013.33.