Kawm txog 6 Pawg Cov Psychoactive Tshuaj
Psychoactive, kuj hu ua psychotropic , yog ib lub sij hawm uas siv rau tshuaj lom neeg uas hloov tus neeg lub siab lub ntsws los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb thiab lub hlwb ua haujlwm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kev qaug cawv , uas feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tib neeg xav siv cov tshuaj psychoactive. Cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub hlwb kev ua neej dhau los ntawm cov neeg uas siv cov tshuaj psychoactive cuam tshuam lawv cov kev xav, lub siab nyiam, thiab / lossis nco qab.
Cov khoom tsis zoo yog tshawb pom nyob rau hauv ntau hom tshuaj xws li cawv, tshuaj txhaum cai thiab ua si, thiab tej nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu. Cawv thiab tshuaj caffeine yog cov tshuaj psychoactive uas tib neeg feem ntau siv los hloov lawv lub hlwb. Cov tshuaj no muaj raws li txoj cai, tab sis tseem tuaj yeem yog lub cev thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws yog tias raug coj mus tshaj.
Feem ntau, cov neeg txiav txim siab thaum twg thiab seb lawv xav siv cov tshuaj psychoactive. Hauv qee lub sijhawm, txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj psychoactive yog siv los hloov lwm tus neeg lub hlwb los xwv tus neeg siv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog hnub uas yog Rohypnol , uas yog txhaum cai hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas Koj yuav tsum paub txog tias kev siv cov tshuaj kws kho mob tau siv rau lwm yam uas tsis yog siv, piv txwv, siv cov tshuaj uas tau muab rau lwm tus, txawm tias lawv tau raug muab rau koj lawm, yog txhaum cai.
Tej yam tshuaj, xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov cactus uas yog hallucinogenic , thiab nplooj, paj, thiab cov nroj tsuag ntawm tej nroj tsuag kuj yuav muaj kev puas siab ntsws.
Qee cov neeg xav hais tias, vim tias cov tshuaj no tshwm sim lawm, lawv tsis muaj teeb meem ntau dua li cov tshuaj tsim los. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem.
Piv txwv, ib tus neeg uas siv lub paj hlwb tsis zoo los hloov nws txoj kev puas siab puas ntsws yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua los yog raug lom. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no vim hais tias tus neeg uas siv cov khoom tsis muaj kev tswj hwm lub zog ntawm cov nroj tsuag cov kev xav tshuaj los yog tshuaj toxicity, raws li muaj nyob rau hauv manufactured tshuaj.
Tib yam muaj tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj txoj kev muag khoom los ntawm lub chaw muag tshuaj, uas feem ntau txiav nrog ntau yam ntawm lwm cov kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab cov khoom siv phom, qee yam uas yuav muaj teeb meem.
Ib hom tshuaj yeeb los yog tshuaj noj uas tau hais ua "psychoactive" tsis tas muaj yees, tab sis muaj ntau.
Cov Psychoactive Tshuaj Li Cas?
Nws muaj plaub txoj hauv kev uas cov tshuaj siv tshuaj tua kab mob tau cais:
- Los ntawm lawv cov teebmeem tshwm sim (teebmeem txhua yam muaj) hauv lub hlwb thiab lub cev - piv txwv li, tshuaj tua kabmob (antidepressants), hypnotics (pw tsaug zog), thiab cov tshuaj siv los kho cov mob xws li kev paub tsis meej hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Los ntawm lawv yuav ua rau muaj kev quav tshuaj (siab kom qis)
- Los ntawm lawv cov qauv tshuaj
- Raws li Tsoomfwv Meskas Txoj Cai Saib Xyuas Kev Yeeb Tshuaj Tsaus Ntu IV, uas cais cov tshuaj no los ntawm kev tsim txom ("Kuv" siab tshaj, "V" yog qis tshaj)
Tsab xov xwm no nthuav dav txog cov tshuaj psychoactive feem ntau tshwm sim.
Cov pab pawg tsib ntawm cov tshuaj psychoactive yog stimulants, depressants, narcotics (opioids), hallucinogens, thiab, marijuana (cannabis).
Stimulants . Piv txwv ntawm cov teebmeem muaj xws li nce siab, muaj zog dua, excitability, kev txhim kho hauv qhov xwm txheej uas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo siab, thiab cev nqaij daim tawv xws li nce siab thiab ntshav siab.
Piv txwv ntawm stimulants muaj xws li caffeine , nicotine , amphetamines , thiab cocaine . Piv txwv ntawm kev siv ntau ntawm cov yeeb yam muaj xws li kev txob taus, lub siab voj voog, kev pom kev, lub plawv dhia, lub hauv siab, thiab kev tuag.
Depressants. Piv txwv ntawm cov teebmeem muaj xws li txo cov kev nyuaj siab, kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev mob ntawm cov leeg. Kev siv ntau dhau, muaj xws li clammy tawv nqaij, qeeb thiab ua pa ntiav, ua mob ceev thiab qaug zog, coma, thiab tuag.
Piv txwv ntawm depressants muaj xws li cawv thiab tranquilizers xws li benzodiazepines thiab barbiturates.
Opioids . Yuav luag txhua cov tshuaj hauv pawg no yog muab los ntawm morphine.
Piv txwv ntawm lawv cov teebmeem xws li mob nyem qhov mob, kev tsaug zog, kev zoo siab, kev xav tsis meej, thiab kev nyuab siab (kev ua pa nyom uas ua rau lub ntsws tsis ua kom dav thiab muab pa txaus txaus rau lub cev).
Kev siv ntau dhau los, muaj teeb meem xws li xeev siab thiab ntuav, nrhau, ua pa nyhav, coma, thiab tuag.
Cov piv txwv ntawm opioids muaj xws li qee qhov mob tshuaj , xws li cov yas, morphine, oxycodone, thiab heroin . Lwm cov tshuaj mob ntses xws li cov tshuaj xws li tshuaj aspirin, acetaminophen, thiab ibuprofen, yuav tsis muaj opioids. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thiab dhau sijhawm tshaj yog tias tau noj ntau dhau.
Hallucinogens . Piv txwv ntawm cov teebmeem muaj xws li paranoia, kev tsis txaus siab (kev tsis paub tseeb), kev pom kev, kev coj tus cwj pwm, thiab ntxiv ntshav siab thiab lub plawv dhia. Kev siv ntau dhau kev siv kuj muaj xws li teeb meem kev xav thiab kev hais lus, kev nco, kev nyuab siab, thiab poob phaus. Cov mob xwm txheej ceev tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim.
Cov piv txwv ntawm hallucinogens muaj xws li psilocybin los ntawm nceb, "kua qaub" (LSD), ketamine, phencyclidine (PCP), dextromethorphan, thiab peyote (mescaline).
Marijuana (cannabis). Piv txwv ntawm psychoactive teeb meem ntawm cov yeeb tshuaj xas muaj xws li cov kev hloov hauv kev xav hauv kev xav; euphoria; so kom txaus; kev hloov pauv; impaired nco, concentration, thiab ua kom sib haum; thiab cov kev hloov hauv ntshav siab. Marijuana yog tib tshuaj hauv nws chav kawm.
Cov Cai Raug Cai ( tsim cov yeeb tshuaj ). Kev ua raws cai yog cov khoom siv tshuaj ua tsis zoo uas yog muag raws li txoj cai thiab kev nyab xeeb kom tau siab. Lawv yuav raug muag raws li stimulants, hallucinogenics, sedatives los yog ib tug ua ke. Raws li lawv cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau tsis paub, lawv nthuav tawm cov teeb meem meej rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, thiab lub zej zog. Lawv muaj xws li da dej ntsev , mephedrone , W18 , MXE thiab ntau lwm tus.
Qhov chaw:
> Miskas Kev Sib Koom Tes. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Tsib Tsab Ntawv, Kev Sib Koom Tes Hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas (American Psychiatric Association). 2013.
> Beynon CM, McVeigh J, Leavey C, Bellis MA. Kev Koom Tes ntawm Tshuaj Yeeb thiab Dej Cawv hauv Txoj Kev Ua Phem Ua Yeeb Yam. Kev Tiv Thaiv, Kev Ua Phem, & Kev Tsim Txom, 9 (3): 178-188. 2008. doi: 10.1177 / 1524838008320221.
> Smith DE, Fort J, Craton DL. Psychoactive tshuaj. Phau Tshuaj ntawm Cov Psychoactive Tshuaj . 1 (1): 127. 2007.
> Tsoomfwv Tsav Xwm Saib Xyuas Kev Yeeb Tshuaj Tsav Xwm Kev Siv Tshuaj . 2011.