Dyslexia yog ib qho kev kawm tshwj xeeb xiam oob khab (LD) uas yog cov teeb meem txog kev nyuab siab. Nws yog hom lus thiab ua rau kev kawm nyeem, sau ntawv, hais, thiab paub cov lus nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, nyeem ntawv cov ntsiab lus, cov ntsiab lus, thiab kev txawj ntse tsawg dua li lwm cov me nyuam tib hnub nyoog uas tsis muaj dyslexia. Nco ntsoov, dyslexia tsis yog ib qho kev xav ntawm kev txawj ntse.
Feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj dyslexia muaj qhov teeb meem lossis siab tshaj qhov nruab nrab.
ADHD thiab dyslexia yeej paub tias nquag muaj sia nyob ua ke. Dr. Russell Barkley piav qhia hauv nws phau ntawv "Kev Thaj Yeeb ntawm ADHD: Daim Ntawv Qhia Kev Tsocai Tshaj Tawm rau Cov Niamtxiv," uas cov menyuam uas muaj ADHD ntau dua yuav muaj kev xiam oob khab dua cov menyuam tsis muaj ADHD. Qhov LD tshaj plaws yog dyslexia.
Teeb meem hauv Qhia Qhov Sib txawv ntawm ADHD thiab Dyslexia
Nws tuaj yeem nyuab nyuab paub txog cov teeb meem twg muaj feem rau ADHD los yog dyslexia. Txawm hais tias ADHD muaj kev mloog thiab dyslexia cuam tshuam kev nyeem ntawv, tej yam kev mob yuav pom zoo sib xws. Nov yog 3 hom qauv.
Kev cuam tshuam: Cov menyuam yaus nrog ADHD thiab dyslexia tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis tau; txawm li cas los xij, qhov qab qhov kev cuam tshuam yog txawv. Tus menyuam uas muaj ADHD tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis tau vim tias nws nyuaj rau lawv them taus., Thaum tus menyuam muaj dyslexia tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis tau vim nws nyeem ntawv yuav tsum tau siv zog ua haujlwm thiab lawv lub zog tau qis.
Fluency: Cov neeg nyeem nyeem tau zoo nyeem tau qhov tseeb, txheeb ze ceev nrooj thiab, yog tias nyeem ntawv nrov nrov, ntxiv kev qhia rau cov lus. Yuav kom nkag siab txog yam lawv tau nyeem, tus menyuam yuav tsum txawj nyeem ntawv zoo. Tus me nyuam nrog ADHD yuav tsis yog tus neeg nyeem ntawv vim hais tias lawv poob lawv qhov chaw los yog hla kev txiav txim vim hais tias lawv lub vas sab tau khiav mus rau sab tom ntej.
Ib tug neeg uas nrog dyslexia yuav tsis yog tus neeg nyeem ntawv vim hais tias lawv siv sij hawm ntev los tawm txhua lo lus los yog nyeem cov lus tsis raug. Xijpeem qhov ua rau, ob qho tib si rau tus nyeem ntawv lub peev xwm los nkag siab txog yam lawv tau nyeem. Nws kuj txhais tau hais tias kev nyeem ntawv tsis yog ib qho kev lom zem rau lawv.
Kev Sau Ntawv: Kev Sau Ntawv thiab Kev Ua Phem kuj yog qhov teeb meem. Ib tug neeg nrog ADHD tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem nrog lub koom haum thiab kev ntsuam xyuas, thaum tus me nyuam muaj dyslexia muaj teeb meem nrog kev sau ntawv, qauv sau ntawv, kev sau tswv yim, kev ntsuam xyuas, thiab kev nyeem. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ob yam yog nco ntsoov tias cov teeb meem dyslexia feem ntau yog thaum nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv, thaum muaj cov tsos mob ntawm ADHD tshwm sim nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab muaj ntau tus cwj pwm.
Co-Muaj Cov Kev Cai
Yav tas los, ADHD thiab dyslexia tau saib raws li ib leeg ntawm ib leeg. Tiam sis, raws li Dr. Thomas E. Brown piav hauv nws phau ntawv hu ua "Kev Nkag Siab Tshiab ntawm ADHD rau Cov Me Nyuam thiab Cov Neeg Laus," cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau qhia tias kev ua tsis ncaj ncees rau ADHD kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog dyslexia.
ADHD thiab dyslexia yog cov neeg txawv; Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus neeg muaj ob leeg, nws txhais tau hais tias lawv muaj cov kev tswj xyuas sab nrauv (qhov teeb meem tsom, siv ua haujlwm nco, thiab lwm yam), thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kev txawj uas yuav tsum tau rau kev nyeem ntawv, piv txwv, ua cov cim ua haujlwm nrawm nrawm.
Qee cov neeg hais tias lawv muaj kev ua lej dyslexia. Qhov no tsis yog ib lub caij nyoog; txawm li cas los xij, txij li tsis muaj coob tus neeg tau hnov txog dyscalculia (ib qho kev ua lej), hais tias 'kuv muaj kev ua lej dyslexia' yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim piav txog lawv tus mob.
Kev kuaj ntawm ADHD thiab Dyslexia
Qhov ob ntawm cov mob yog kuaj tau txawv thiab feem ntau ntawm cov kws kho mob. ADHD yog ib qho kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab pom los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob hlwb, kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsws, kws kho mob paj hlwb, thiab ib txhia tsev neeg cov kws kho mob.
Dyslexia yog ib qho teeb meem kev kawm tsis yog qhov teeb meem kev kho mob li ntawd feem ntau tsis yog kuaj los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum ib tug kws kho menyuam yaus tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas dyslexia yog tias lawv tau kawm txog kev paub thiab kev kawm.
Feem ntau yog ib tus kws kho mob psychologist, psychologist hauv tsev kawm ntawv, psychologist education, thiab neuropsychologist tag nrho tshawb nrhiav dyslexia.
Vim tias dyslexia tsis yog ib qho mob, kev soj ntsuam rau dyslexia feem ntau tsis them los ntawm kev tuav pov hwm kev kho mob. Qhov loj ntawm dyslexia txawv ntawm me me mus rau qhov siab, uas kuj muaj tseeb ntawm cov neeg nrog ADHD. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis muaj ob tus neeg yuav muaj cov tsos mob uas zoo tib yam nkaus.
Kev Kho Dyslexia
Muaj ntau yam kev qhia tshwj xeeb dyslexia nyeem ntawv. Feem ntau lawv muaj raws li lossis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm Orton-Gillingham. Samuel Orton thiab Anna Gillingham tau nyeem cov lus qhuab qhia thiab cov lus qhia zoo. Hauv xyoo 1930s, Gillingham tau luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv los pab nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv, thiab sau ntawv. Nws tau txij thaum los ua txoj kev tshawb nrhiav ntau tshaj plaws rau hnub tim.
Tsis yog tas nrho cov kev nyeem ntawv pab tau rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv dyslexic. Nrhiav cov uas suav nrog kev paub lub suab lus, kev npliag thiab cov lus qhia ntxaws txog kev sau cov cai.
Koj tus me nyuam lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav muaj cov xibfwb qhia ntawv tshwj xeeb uas yuav pab tau lawv txoj kev xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv ua, thaum twg koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tus xibfwb tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm nrog koj tus menyuam tom qab kawm ntawv tas.
Kev pab nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv rau ADHD thiab dyslexia pabcuam rau koj tus menyuam kom txawj ua tau zoo rau lawv txoj kev kawm.
Dyslexia thiab Developmental Dyslexia
Dyslexia thiab kev loj hlob Dyslexia yog tib yam kev mob. Feem ntau, thaum ib tug neeg hais tias dyslexia lawv xa mus rau kev loj hlob dyslexia, ib qho mob uas tau txais los ntawm niam txiv. Lwm hom dyslexia yog kis tau dyslexia, uas txhais tau hais tias ib tug neeg ua dyslexic vim lub hlwb lesion xws li tom qab muaj kev puas hlwb paj hlwb los sis muaj mob stroke.
Qhov no tshwm sim nrog ADHD thiab. Cov neeg feem coob tau txais cov ADHD los ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev neeg, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem tuaj yeem tau txais cov ADHD cov tsos mob, ob lub txiaj ntsim lossis thaum loj hlob, vim muaj ntau yam ua rau ua rau lub hlwb puas.
Cog Lus thiab Kev Ntseeg Tus Kheej
Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem loj tshaj rau cov menyuam uas muaj ADHD thiab dyslexia muaj peev xwm paub zoo txog lawv tus kheej. Feem ntau, lawv txoj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev npog yus tus kheej qis dua thaum lawv tawm tsam kev ua haujlwm uas lawv cov phooj ywg thiab cov nus muag nrhiav tau yooj yim. Nov yog peb yam koj tuaj yeem ua los pab:
1) Qhia kom paub: Thaum cov menyuam paub tias lawv muaj mob lub npe, xws li ADHD thiab dyslexia, nws pab lawv. Lawv to taub tias vim li cas lawv yog txoj kev lawv, thiab nws nres lawv nrhiav kev piav qhia rau lawv tus kheej, uas feem ntau yog cov lus hais xws li 'kuv ruam' thiab 'kuv ruam.
2) Kev Nyuaj Siab, Tsis Tshais: Muab koj tus me nyuam tawm tswv yim zoo rau txoj kev rau siab ua lawv txoj haujlwm tsis yog lawv cov qhab nia los yog qib. Tus menyuam nrog dyslexia thiab ADHD yuav tsum ua haujlwm nyuab tshaj lwm tus tub ntxhais kawm, tab sis qhov kev siv zog tsis yog ib txwm thev duab hauv lawv qib. Paub tias lawv txoj kev rau siab pom zoo los ntawm koj ua qhov txawv ntawm tus me nyuam tus kheej.
3) Yam Ntxim Saib Ntxim Ua Sab Nrauv ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv: Thaum koj tus menyuam pom kev txaus siab rau kev ua si sab nraud, txhawb kom nws. Kev ua zoo ntawm ib yam dab tsi, txawm tias nws yog ib txuj ci yeeb yam , kev ua si, kev ua yeeb yam los yog khoom siv tes ua, ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab. Nws muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub neej, nrog rau cov dej num hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
Nws Yeej Tsis Taus Late
Thaum koj kawm txog dyslexia, ib qho lus tshaj tawm yog 'kev cuam tshuam thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb.' Kev paub ntxov thaum ntxov yog qhov yuav pab tau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj paub tias koj tus me nyuam muaj dyslexia thaum lawv loj tuaj, tsis txhob xav tias txhaum. Nws tsis yog lig dhau mus kom kuaj thiab nrhiav kev kho mob uas tsim nyog.
Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ADHD thiab dyslexia, ADHD cov tsos mob yuav ua rau daim npog dia hais qhia tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus me nyuam txawj ntse pom txoj hau kev los tiv thaiv thiab npog ncauj cov teeb meem, uas ua rau kev nyuaj rau koj.
Yog tias koj nyeem ntawv no ua ib tus neeg laus thiab xav tias koj muaj dyslexia, koj tuaj yeem tseem tau txais kev ntsuam xyuas dyslexia. Txawm hais tias koj tsis nyob hauv tsev kawm lossis hauv tsev kawm ntawv , kev nkag siab lub hauv paus ntawm koj cov teeb meem yuav pab tau koj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev saib tus kheej.
Lub neej yav tom ntej
Tsis kho los ntawm ADHD los yog dyslexia. Txawm li cas los xij, ob leeg yuav raug kho thiab tswj tau kom koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua lub neej vam meej. Cov me nyuam feem ntau tau txais kev vam thiab kev pom zoo thaum lawv hnov cov neeg nto moo uas muaj teeb meem tib yam li lawv ua. Piv txwv, Steven Spielberg muaj dyslexia, Justin Timberlake muaj ADHD, thiab Richard Branson muaj ob qho tib si ADHD thiab dyslexia.
> Qhov chaw:
Russell A. Barkley, PhD. Kev Them ntawm ADHD. Daim Ntawv Cuam Tshuam Txog Cov Ntawv Sau Tseg rau Niam Txiv. Lub Guilford Xovxwm 2013.
Brown, ET Tshiab Nkag Siab ntawm ADHD rau Cov Me Nyuam thiab Cov Neeg Laus: Kev Ua Hauj Lwm Kev Ua Hauj Lwm Tsis Zoo. Routledge; 2013.