Cov kws tshawb fawb Txuas Txuas Caw - Nicotine
Koj puas tau xav tias vim li cas koj cov phooj ywg leej twg haus dej haus cawv?
Koj puas tau xav tias koj tau txiav kev haus luam yeeb, tabsis lub sijhawm tom qab koj haus cawv lawm koj tsuas yog haus luam yeeb?
Vim li cas nws thiaj li nyuaj rau cov neeg haus luam yeeb txiav luam yeeb?
Haus dej cawv dua haus tsis muaj cawv
Peb paub los ntawm cov txheeb cais thiab kev soj ntsuam:
- Cov neeg haus luam yeeb ntau rau cov chaw uas haus cawv
- Alcoholics haus luam yeeb ntau tshaj cov tsis muaj dej caw
- Cov neeg haus luam yeeb muaj feem ntau yog haus cawv
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Duke University Medical Center ntseeg tias lawv tau pom tias yog vim li cas cov dej cawv zoo li yuav zoo rau kev haus luam yeeb.
Tus Cwj Pwm Caw Sib Txawv Ntawm Cawv, Nicotine
"Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog epidemiological, clinical, thiab laboratory qhia tau tseeb tias qhov kev sib txuas ntawm kev haus cigarette thiab haus dej haus cawv," said Jed Rose, Ph.D., tus thawj coj ntawm Duke Nicotine Research Program thiab co-creator ntawm lub nicotine thaj. "Kev siv cov cigarettes thiab dej cawv ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua thiab tshaj qhov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb ib leeg xwb, thiab yog li teeb meem loj rau pej xeem cov teeb meem uas tsim nyog rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv."
"Ib qho tseem ceeb, kev nkag siab ntawm lub hauv paus kev lag luam ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cawv thiab nicotine yuav ua rau kev tsim kho cov tswv yim zoo rau kev kho cov yeeb tshuaj 'siv dual," Rose said.
Tus Ntaus Siab ntawm Haus Luam thiab Dej Haus
Tus cwj pwm ntawm tus cwj pwm cawv thiab haus luam yeeb muaj zog heev. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb Duke:
- 80-90 feem pua ntawm haus luam yeeb
- Tus nqi no yog 3 npaug ntawm cov pejxeem
- Kev haus dej cawv yog 10 feem ntau siab tshaj hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb
Nicotine Cov Khoom Caw Tus Cuam Tshuam Los?
Yav dhau los, cov neeg tshawb fawb tau soj ntsuam txog cov koom haum cawv-nicotine.
Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias nws yog vim nicotine tsis nyiam cov tshuaj dej cawv.
Kev haus dej cawv tuaj yeem qeeb lub sijhawm thiab ua rau cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib co kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, tab sis qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov nicotine tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov nyiaj no.
Ob leeg ua rau Dopamine nyob rau hauv lub hlwb
Ob lub cawv thiab cov nicotine ntau ntxiv ntawm dopamine nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, yog li lwm txoj kev xav siv cov nicotine thiab cawv ua ke nce siab zoo siab tshaj qhov siv tshuaj los ntawm nws tus kheej.
Lub caij no, qee cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neurobiological tau ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hais txog cov yeeb-tshuaj nicotine-cawv. "Muaj qee leej tau qhia tias ethanol ua rau kev ua si ntawm lub hlwb cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau teb rau nicotine, thaum lwm tus tau pom ib qho lus teb ntawm qee lub npe ntawm cov npe hu ua nicotinic receptors nyob ntawm ethanol," Duke cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais.
Yuav kom paub, Rose cov neeg soj ntsuam tshawb xyuas 48 tus neeg tuaj yeem uas tau haus cov neeg haus luam yeeb thiab leej twg tau qhia feem ntau haus dej cawv tsawg kawg 4 lub lis piam.
Cov neeg tuaj koom kuj tau txais kev haus dej haus cawv lossis haus dej haus cawv. Hauv ib zaug, cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb raug muab haus luam yeeb hauv lub cev, tab sis nyob rau lwm qhov kev sib tham, lawv tau muab cov yeeb dawb tsis nicotine.
Cawv Muaj Kev Nyuaj Siab Nicotine Txoj Kev Txiaj Ntsim
Muab piv rau cov neeg haus dej haus cawv, haus cov dej cawv qhia tias:
- Cawv kho cov txiaj ntsig zoo siab ntawm nicotine
- Cawv kho cov calming cuam tshuam ntawm nicotine
- Nicotine tsis haus luam yeeb tsis tuaj yeem tawm tib qho lus teb
Lub koom haum Duke tau txiav txim siab tias nws yog nicotine nws tus kheej, tsis yog lwm yam kev haus luam yeeb, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov dej haus cawv.
Txawm tias tus nqi me me los ntawm Nicotine
"Ib qho uas tsis tshua muaj dej cawv - hauv qab no uas yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev zoo siab - yog qhov txaus kom tuaj koom kev lom zem ntawm nicotine," Rose said.
"Nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm tam sim no nrhiav, nws ua rau kev nkag siab hais tias yog li muaj coob tus neeg uas tau txiav luam yeeb haus dej num rov qab thaum lawv haus dej."
Cov neeg tshawb xyuas tau tshawb xyuas qhov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los ntawm kev muab cov neeg koom nrog mecamylamine, ib lub tshuaj uas paub tias yog ib tug nicotine antagonist.
Teebmeem Txhawb Txhawb Kev Siv Tshuaj
Cov neeg koom uas tau qhia tias haus dej cawv txhawb nqa cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm nicotine, qhia txog cov nyhuv ntawm cov mecamylamine. Lawv pib haus ntau dua los sim cov tshuaj tua cov nyhuv, tab sis feem ntau qhia tias tsis txaus siab los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb.
Yog li, cov neeg tshawb xyuas xaus lus tias qhov cawv ua rau ntau dua li cov kev sib tw antagonises nicotine, uas yog siv los txhawb kom lawv siv coj los siv.
"Qhov kev tshawb pom yuav pab tau yog vim li cas cov neeg uas tau txiav luam yeeb pheej pheej rov haus dej haus cawv tom qab haus dej haus cawv los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb.
Kev Pabcuam Rau Cov Neeg Haus Tsis Txaus Siab
"Madamylamine tej zaum yuav muaj kev kho mob tshiab los pab cov neeg haus luam yeeb uas haus dej haus cawv haus yeeb vim cov tshuaj mecamylamine tau pom los cuam tshuam cov teebmeem ntawm cov nicotine thiab haus cawv," Rose hais tias. "Txoj kev ua rau kev haus luam yeeb yuav ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov haus cawv yuav dampen ob lub siab nyiam, "Rose said.
Xws li cov tswv yim yuav pab tau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg haus dej hnyav thiab cov neeg uas muaj kev quav tshuaj yeeb cawv, Rose ntxiv. Lub Koom Haum Lub Tebchaws ntawm Lub Cawv Tiv Thaiv thiab Dej Cawv siv nyiaj rau kev kawm.
Qhov chaw:
McIlvain HE, li al "Cov tswv yim coj mus haus luam yeeb tawm rau kev rov haus dej cawv." American Family Physician. Kaum Hli Ntuj 1998.
Rose, JE, li al. "Psychopharmacological kev sib tshuam ntawm nicotine thiab ethanol." Nicotine & Tobacco Research Lub Ob Hlis 2004