Subtypes ntawm OCD thiab Lwm Yam Kev Mob
Cov hauv kev uas cov tsos mob ntawm obsessive-compulsive teeb meem (OCD) muaj kev paub ntau dav los ntawm tus neeg mus rau ib tug neeg. Qhov "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (DSM-5) muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus ntawm obsessive-compulsive teeb meem uas muaj xws li muaj obsessions thiab / los yog compulsions uas ua rau kev nyuaj siab los yog cuam tshuam rau txhua hnub nyob.
Cov kws kho mob thiab cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias OCD faib tau ntau hom raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov tsos mob.
5 Symptom Subtypes ntawm OCD
Txawm hais tias muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim dhau lub sijhawm, nws muaj peev xwm kom muaj kev hloov hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj cov tsos mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias feem ntau ntawm koj cov tsos mob yuav zoo ib yam kab mob tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws, nws muaj peev xwm pom cov tsos mob ntawm lwm hom tib lub sijhawm.
- Cov tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws nrog kev ntxuav tes / ntxuav kom huv: Yog tias koj raug mob los ntawm cov kab mob no, koj yuav tsom ntsoov rau txoj kev tsis zoo los ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab ntxuav los yog ntxuav kom tshaj qhov txo cov kev nyuaj siab no. Piv txwv, tej zaum koj yuav xav tias koj ob txhais tes tsis huv los yog muaj kab mob tom qab kov lub qhov rooj qhib los yog txhawj xeeb tias koj yuav kis tau lwm tus nrog koj cov kab mob. Yog xav tau kev tshem ntawm cov kev xav, koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj ob txhais tes dua ib zaug ib zaug.
- Ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov compulsions: Yog tias koj muaj qhov kev mob tshwm sim no, koj yuav tsum muaj kev xav txog kev tsim txom rau koj tus kheej los yog lwm tus thiab siv kev tshawb xyuas cov cwj pwm kom txo koj txoj kev nyuaj siab. Piv txwv, tej zaum koj xav tias koj lub tsev kub hnyiab thiab pheej tsav tsheb los ntawm koj lub tsev kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj hluav taws. Los yog, koj yuav xav hais tias thaum koj xav txog qhov kev tshwm sim muaj xwm txheej, koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim tiag.
- Obsessions tsis pom compulsions: Qhov kev mob me me no feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov lus tsis txaus siab nyob ib puag ncig ntawm kev sib deev, kev ntseeg, lossis kev txhoj puab heev. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem paub txog kev xav txog kev ua neeg tsiv los yog koj yuav tua ib tug neeg. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kev cai rituals xws li reciting tej lus, suav hauv koj lub taub hau los yog thov kom daws qhov kev txhawj xeeb uas koj muaj thaum koj muaj cov kev xav tsis txaus siab. Cov xwm txheej muaj feem rau obsessions feem ntau raug zam txhua tus nqi.
- Symmetry obsessions nrog kev txiav txim, npaj, thiab suav cov compulsions: Thaum muaj qhov sib txoos no, koj xav tias yuav tsum tau npaj thiab ua kom txav cov khoom kom txog thaum lawv "yog qhov zoo." Piv txwv, tej zaum koj xav tias yuav tsum tau kho koj daim tsho tas li kom lawv tau txiav txim los ntawm xim. Qhov kev mob me me no kuj tseem tuaj yeem xav los yog hais cov kab lus los yog cov lus dhau los kom txog thaum ua haujlwm tiav. Qee zaum kev cog lus, npaj, thiab suav cov kev quab yuam yog coj los teeb tsa kev phom sij. Piv txwv li: "Yog tias kuv npaj kuv lub rooj txig kuv tus txiv yuav tsis tuag hauv lub tsheb sib tsoo." Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov xwm txheej.
- Hoarding: Hoarding yog tam sim no lees paub tias yog ib yam kab mob hauv DSM-5. Hoarding yuav sau cov khoom siv uas raug txiav txim los ntawm cov nqi qis ntawm lwm tus neeg xws li cov laus cov ntawv xov xwm, khaub ncaws, ntawv pov thawj, xa ntawv, ntawv sau, lossis ntim. Feem ntau koj qhov chaw nyob ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog uas nws tsis tuaj yeem mus nyob hauv. Hoarding feem ntau yog nrog obsessional kev ntshai los ntawm kev poob cov khoom los yog khoom uas yuav xav tau ib hnub thiab ntau lub siab ntsig txog khoom. Cov neeg uas cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob siab hnyav tau tshwm sim yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuab siab dua cov neeg nrog lwm cov subtypes thiab feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Qhov tseem ceeb, compulsive hoarding tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej ntawm OCD.
Obsessive-Compulsive Related Cov Kev Ua Txhaum
Lub DSM-5 muaj cov ntsiab lus tshiab los yog hloov cov kev mob rau pawg no.
- Kev ua kom tawv nqaij tsis zoo (kev ua kom raug): Qhov kev tsis sib haum no kuj raug lees paub tias yog ib qho kev mob sib txawv hauv DSM-5. Nws yog qhov pheej yig tshaj ntawm koj cov tawv nqaij uas ua rau muaj mob txhab txiag, kab mob, thiab kev nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm 1 feem pua thiab 2 feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem.
- Cov kab mob plaub hau (trichotillomania): Hauv cov teeb meem ntawm OCD, koj muaj lub zog ua kom rub tau plaub hau ntawm koj lub taub hau, pob muag, qhov muag, lossis lwm qhov ntawm koj lub cev. Nws feem ntau kho nrog kev paub txog kev coj cwj pwm thiab kev paub txog tus cwj pwm.
- Lub cev tsis muaj zog dysmorphic: Qhov kev tsis sib haum no yog "kev tuaj yeem nrog ib los sis ntau yam tsis muaj los yog tsis muaj dab tsi uas tsis pom los sis tshwm sim rau lwm tus." Cov txheej xwm muaj xws li koj tau coj tus cwj pwm rov qab los ntawm kev tu plaub lossis soj ntsuam koj cov tsos los yog muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws xws li niaj hnub sib piv koj qhov zoo li lwm tus. Mob nqaij dysmorphia yog subtype ntawm lub cev dysmorphic teeb meem uas koj xav tias koj lub cev tsis dhau me me los yog tsis zoo txaus.
- OCD thiab lwm yam kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm ib yam tshuaj / tshuaj los yog vim muaj lwm yam kab mob: Raug rau qee yam tshuaj yeeb thiab tshuaj yuav ua rau cov kev mob OCD tshwm sim. Kuj muaj qee yam kev kho mob thiab kev mob hlwb uas tuaj yeem txuam nrog kev txhim kho ntawm tus kab mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm hais tias nws tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov niam tshiab kom muaj ntau yam kev xav ntawm tus cwj pwm tom qab tus menyuam tuaj tshiab, lub caij nyoog tom qab lub sijhawm ntev tau paub tias nws yog ib lub sijhawm muaj kev pheej hmoo rau qhov hnyav, kev mob plawv, los yog rov tshwm sim dua thiab kev ntxhov siab. Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias lub sijhawm tom qab ntawd kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau qhov pib lossis ua rau lub cev tsis zoo ntawm OCD .
OCD hauv Cov Menyuam
Txawm hais tias muaj coob tus neeg xav tias OCD yog ib qho teeb meem uas cuam tshuam tsuas yog cov neeg laus xwb, feem pua ntawm cov menyuam yaus kuj raug cuam tshuam. Txawm tias muaj ntau qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm tus neeg laus pib thiab thaum yau-pib OCD , tseem muaj ntau qhov kev sib txawv tseem ceeb-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog kev kho thiab qhov kev mob tshwm sim.
Txawm hais tias peb feem ntau xav txog OCD los ntawm kev sib tov, kev mob caj dab, thiab tsis txaus rau cov tshuaj hauv lub hlwb, muaj kev pov thawj tias muaj qee yam kev ua rau cov menyuam yaus OCD los kuj yog ib qho kev puas siab ntsws. Hauv cov mob autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders uas muaj cov kab mob hu ua streptococcal (PANDAS), cov menyuam yaus tsim OCD los yog mob nyhav los ntawm cov kab mob tom qab tus mob voos (xws li strep caj pas) los yog liab plab los yog muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm OCD cov tsos mob. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm National Institute of Mental Health tau pom tias tus kab mob hauv cov kab mob muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob "anti-brain" antibodies uas tsim cov tsos mob ntawm PANDAS rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 3 xyoo thiab tiav kev noj nqaij.
Kev kho mob rau OCD
Kev xaiv ib txoj kev kho mob rau OCD yog nyob ntawm ntau yam, xws li:
- Dab tsi tau ua hauj lwm yav dhau los
- Koj tus cwj pwm mus rau kev noj tshuaj
- Koj txoj kev mob siab rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob kev tiv thaiv kab mob (ERP) lossis kev paub txog tus cwj pwm kev coj cwj pwm (CBT)
- Qhov hnyav ntawm koj cov tsos mob
- Muaj lwm yam mob xws li kev nyuaj siab
Feem ntau, cov OCD hom feem ntau tuaj yeem ua ke ntawm qee cov kev paub txog kev txawj ntse, kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam, thiab kev siv tshuaj. Ib qho tseem ceeb tsuas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tej zaum yuav hoarding, uas tsis zoo li los txhim kho cov tshuaj, tab sis tsis zoo li lub teb rau cov kws kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav pab tau koj nrog koj tus kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsws los yog tus kws kho mob txoj kev uas ERP, CBT, thiab cov tshuaj kho rau ntau qhov txiaj ntsim raws li koj cov tsos mob.
Lo Lus Ntawm
Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm OCD los sis nws cov mob uas muaj feem xyuam, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob vim muaj kev kho mob. Koj tsis yog tus tib neeg nrog ib hom mob. Koj yuav pom kev pabcuam thiab tau txais kev pabcuam koj xav tau los txo koj tus kheej ntawm cov tsos mob no.
> Qhov chaw:
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