Kev xav qeeb qeeb kuj yog ib qho teeb meem hauv ADHD
Kev ceeb toom kev tsis haum tshuaj tsis meej (ADHD) txhais los ntawm peb cov subtypes:
- qhov feem ntau tsis txaus ntseeg hom
- qhov ntau tshaj plaws hyperactive-impulsive hom
- ua ke hom
Qee cov tib neeg uas muaj feem ntau ntawm ADHD feem ntau kuj pom cov kab mob ntawm cov tsos mob uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev coj cwj pwm phem thiab kev puas siab ntsws.
Nws yog qhov subset ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas tau raug piav hais tias "sluggish cognitive tempo" (los yog SCT).
Cov tsos mob ntawm SCT muaj xws li:
- nquag nruab hnub
- kev xav ua yooj yim
- puas siab ntsws huab cua
- kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo
- nkees
- nquag saib rau hauv qhov chaw
- qeeb ntawm cov lus qhia
- txom nyem nco rov qab
- kev muaj laj thawj siab, kev tswj tuav, thiab tshem tawm
Cov neeg uas muaj SCT feem ntau muaj teeb meem nrog daws teeb meem, kev ua haujlwm rau tus kheej, kev pib ntawm tus kheej thiab kev sib tw ua cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau lawv pom tau tias yog hypoactive (tsawg dua).
Cov tsos mob hauv SCT thiab keeb kwm DSM
Diagnostic thiab Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), luam tawm los ntawm American Psychiatric Association, yog tus qauv qhia ntawv rau kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws uas siv los ntawm cov kws kho kev puas hlwb hauv tebchaws Meskas. Tsab cai tam sim no, DSM-IV, tau tshaj tawm xyoo 1994, nrog cov ntawv kho lus (DSM-IV-TR) luam tawm xyoo 2000.
DSM teev ntau yam kev cai rau kev kuaj mob. Tom ntej no tsab ntawm phau ntawv, DSM-V , yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv 2013.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam yog thawj zaug nrog ADHD hauv peb tsab ntawm DSM, luam tawm xyoo 1980. Lub DSM-III siv lub sij hawm "kev paub tsis zoo" (ADD) thiab nthuav cov kev nkag siab ntawm qhov teeb meem, lees paub tias qhov tsis taus ntawm xim muaj peev xwm tshwm sim tau los ntawm kev tsis tuaj yeem thiab kev mob siab.
Ob lub subtypes tau raug txheeb xyuas hauv DSM-III: ADD nrog hyperactivity thiab ADD tsis muaj hyperactivity. Subtype ADD tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb tsis tshua xav txog "kev sib txuas lus meej" raws li lub npe siv; Txawm li cas los xij, cov me nyuam tseem yuav tsum tau teeb tsa cov teeb meem loj nrog impulsivity.
Daim ntawv luam tawm ntawm ib daim ntawv luam thib peb ntawm DSM phau ntawv (DSM-III-R) hauv xyoo 1987 tsis cais cov tsos mob ntawm kev sib cav, kev xav tsis zoo, thiab kev kub nyhiab, hais txog tag nrho peb cov thawj cov tsos mob raws li pab pawg. Ob pawg raug txheeb tau - qhov kev xav tsis zoo rau qhov tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov tsis zoo.
Nyob rau hauv 1994, plaub tsab ntawv subdivided cov tsos mob rau hauv ob pawg - kev sib hlub thiab kev txhawb zog / tsis pom kev. Tamsis peb lub subtypes subtypes ntawm ADHD tau raug txheeb tau - feem ntau yog tsis txaus ntseeg hom, feem ntau yog qhov hyperactive-impulsive thiab hom ua ke.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg tsis paub qab hau tsis sawv cev hauv qhov DSM kev ntaus cim tam sim no vim tias lawv tau pom tias tsuas muaj kev sib koom nrog qaug zog nrog lwm cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
To taub kev tsis txaus siab thiab SCT
Kev sib tham feem ntau yog cuam tshuam txog kev cuam tshuam. Cov kev ntsuas tam sim no rau kev tsis txaus siab nrog ADHD muaj xws li:
- Feem ntau tsis ua tib zoo saib kom paub meej lossis ua yuam kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm, hauv tsev kawm ntawv lossis lwm yam kev ua si.
- Feem ntau muaj teeb meem ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm lossis kev ua ub no.
- Feem ntau tsis zoo mloog thaum hais lus ncaj qha.
- Feem ntau tsis ua raws li kev qhia; pib txoj haujlwm tab sis sai sai poob kev tsom xam thiab yog qhov yooj yim; tsis ua haujlwm tiav tsev kawm ntawv, ua haujlwm hauv tsev lossis haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
- Feem ntau tsis muaj teebmeem kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua ub no.
- Feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem, tsis nyiam los yog tsis kam koom tes nrog cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum muaj kev nyuaj siab rau kev nyuaj siab.
- Feem ntau poob ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov dej num thiab cov kev ua ub no (xws li tsev kawm ntawv cov ntawv, cov xaum, cov phau ntawv, cov yawm sij, hnab nyiaj, tsom iav, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam).
- Feem ntau yooj yim heev ntawm kev ua kom tsis muaj zog.
- Feem ntau tsis nco qab nyob rau hauv txhua hnub cov kev ua ub no, haujlwm, thiab lwm yam.
Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov laus nrog rau kev sib tw (SCT) cov tsos mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua kom pom lwm yam kev sib txuas lus uas muaj ntau dua kev xav nruab hnub, siab tawv thiab tsis xis, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis zoo. Cov neeg uas muaj tus mob SCT yuav pom muaj tsawg dua, ntxiv cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab ntau dua kev mob kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab, kev tshem tawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv. Txawm hais tias SCT yog ib qho kev cais, txawv txav ntawm ADHD, nrog ntau yam ua rau thiab kev kho mob, SCT feem ntau co-tshwm sim nrog ADHD.
Kawm txog Cov tsos mob ntawm ADHD
Source:
Arthur D. Anastopoulos thiab Terri L. Shelton, Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Xiam Oob Qhab / Kev Tiv Thaiv Mob Hla Teb Chaws. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers. Xyoo 2001.
Christie A. Hartman, Erik G. Willcutt, Soo Hyun Rhee, thiab Bruce F. Pennington; Qhov Kev Sib Tham Ntawm Lub Ncauj Lus Txog Kev Txawj Ntse thiab DSM-IV ADHD, Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Tus Kheej Psychology , Vol. 32, Zaj 5, Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj 2004, phab 491-503.
Russell A. Barkley, Txaus siab rau ntawm lub ntsej muag los ntawm cov neeg tsis paub meej / tsis meej heev nyob rau hauv cov laus. Phau Ntawv Hloov ntawm Kev Txawj Paus (Abnormal Psychology) , Tsib Hlis 23, 2011.
Russell A. Barkley, Attention Defectit Hyperactivity Disorder: Phau Ntawv Qhia rau Kev Kho Mob thiab Kev Kho Mob (Third Edition), Lub Guilford Xovxwm. 2006.