Leej Txiv ntawm niaj hnub zoo Psychology
"Tus cwj pwm ntawm cov pessimists txhais tau hais tias lawv yuav ntseeg tias cov xwm txheej phem yuav ntev, yuav ua rau txhua yam lawv ua tsis tau, thiab lawv qhov kev txhaum ua rau lawv xav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg ntiaj teb, xav txog lawv yuav ntseeg tias kev kov yeej yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb los yog kev sib tw, tias qhov nws ua yog tsuas yog nrog rau ib rooj plaub no xwb. " - Martin Seligman, Kawm Optimism, 1991.
Zoo Tshaj Plaws Rau
Thaum Ntxov Lub neej
Martin Seligman yug rau lub Yim Hli 12, xyoo 1942, hauv Albany, New York. Tom qab kawm tiav high school, nws tau mus kawm Princeton University uas nws tau txais AB degree hauv xyoo 1964. Xyoo 1967, nws tau txais Ph.D. nyob rau hauv psychology los ntawm University of Pennsylvania.
Hauj Lwm
Tom qab ua haujlwm tam li ib tus xibfwb hauv Cornell University, nws rov qab los qhia kev xav ntawm Psychology hauv University of Pennsylvania. Lub sijhawm no, nws pib tshawb nrhiav kev pabcuam. Seligman pom tias thaum tib neeg xav tias lawv tsis muaj kev tswj hwm lawv qhov teeb meem, lawv yuav tsum tso tseg es tsis sib ntaus rau kev tswj hwm. Nws kev tshawb fawb txog kev tsis paub thiab kev xav pessimism tseem ceeb heev hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab .
Seligman txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb kawm txog kev xav pessimistic qhov kawg tau coj nws los tsim kev txaus siab rau optimism, ib qho txaus siab uas yuav tshwm sim rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib ceg tshiab ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Nyob rau xyoo 1995, nws sib tham nrog nws tus ntxhais, Nikki, tau pab nws hloov txoj kev tshawb nrhiav. Thaum hla hauv lub vaj, Seligman tau perturbed thiab yelled ntawm nws tus ntxhais. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv North Carolina Psychological Association, Seligman tau piav qhia txog tias nws tus ntxhais tau nco ntsoov tias nws tsis tau txhawj txog txij thaum nws tau cog lus tias nws tso nws lub hnub nyoog tsib xyoos.
Yog tias nws muaj peev xwm muab kev txhaub, nws xav tias, nws txiv yuav tsum "tsis txhob khov kho li ntawd."
Nyob rau xyoo 1996, Seligman tau raug xaiv los ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Asmeskas Psychological Association los ntawm lub koom haum loj tshaj plaws hauv lub koom haum keeb kwm. Txhua APA tus thawj tswj hwm tau thov kom xaiv lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau nws lub sijhawm thiab Seligman tau xaiv qhov kev xav zoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txog qhov teeb meem ntawm peb, nws xav kom muaj kev nyuaj siab mob ntsig txog ntau tshaj qhov tsis muaj mob. Xwb, Seligman tau ua kom zoo tshaj qub rau hauv ib lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev xav txog kev xav txog kev ua rau tib neeg xav txog kev zoo siab thiab kev ua tiav. Hnub no, Seligman yog tus thawj coj ntawm Positive Psychology Center ntawm University of Pennsylvania.
Txoj kev koom tes rau Psychology
Txawj los ntawm cov neeg txawj xav txog yav dhau los zoo li Carl Rogers thiab Anplaham Maslow , zoo psychology tau txuas ntxiv mus rau ntau tshaj li ob xyoo lawm. Seligman yog feem ntau hu ua leej txiv ntawm cov kev xav zoo li niaj hnub no.
Nyob rau hauv Haggbloom thiab al. 2002 tsab xov xwm ntawm feem ntau cov kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm lub xyoo pua 20, Seligman tau ua tus thawj xibfwb hauv 31st ntxiv nrog rau 13th feem ntau hais txog kev xav ntawm psychologist hauv cov phau ntawv kawm psychology.
Cov Ntawv Tshaj Lij Xaiv
- Seligman, Martin EP (1975). Kev Txawj Ntse: Kev Nyuaj Siab, Kev Txhim Kho, thiab Kev Tuag. San Francisco: WH Freeman.
- Seligman, Martin EP (1991). Kawm Optimism: Yuav Ua Li Cas Hloov Koj Lub Siab thiab Koj Lub Neej. New York: Tshawb nrhiav.
- Seligman, Martin EP (1993). Yam Koj Hloov Tau thiab Koj Tsim Nyog Tsis Tau: Qhov Qhia Txog Kom Ua Tau Zoo Tshaj Plaws Tus Kheej. New York: Tshawb nrhiav.
- Seligman, Martin EP (2002). Kev Zoo Siab Txog Kev Zoo Siab: Siv cov Kev Piv Txwv Tshiab Kom Zoo Tshaj Plaws Los Paub Txog Koj Tej Lus Txiav Txim Siab. New York: Dawb Xovxwm.
> Qhov chaw:
Haggbloom, SJ li al. (2002). Lub 100 Feem Cuam Tshuam Psychologists ntawm lub Cuaj Piav. Tshawb xyuas ntawm General Psychology. 6 (2) , 139-15.
Hirtz, Rob. (1998). Martin Seligman txoj kev taug los ntawm cov kawm tsis paub pab kom tau kev zoo siab. Pennsylvania Gazette . http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0199/hirtz.html
Kass, S. (2000). Martin EP Seligman touts zoo Psychology ntawm Smithsonian program. Soj Ntsuam Txog Psychology 31 , 9. http://www.apa.org/monitor/oct00/seligman.html
Raws li Dr. Seligman. (2006). Txoj Kev Zoo Siab . Tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Pennsylvania. http://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/seligman.aspx?id=157
Wallis, Claudia. (2005). Kev kawm tshiab ntawm kev zoo siab. Lub sijhawm .