Kurt Lewin yog ib qho kev xav txog kev puas siab ntsws uas yog hnub no pom tau tias yog tus tsim ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev xav. Nws tshawb fawb ntawm pab pawg neeg lub cev, kev kawm ntawv, thiab kev tshawb fawb los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib raug lub hlwb. Nws kuj pom zoo rau nws txoj kev koom tes tseem ceeb hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv psychology thiab cov neeg muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Nyob rau hauv 2002 kev soj ntsuam ntawm ib co ntawm feem ntau cov kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm lub thib ob xyoo pua, Lewin tau xaiv ua tus kws tshawb fawb txog 18 feem ntau.
"Yog tsis muaj dab tsi ua tau zoo li ib txoj kev xav zoo."
- Kurt Lewin
Zoo Tshaj Plaws Rau
- Muaj kev kawm zoo
- Kev tshawb xav
- Pawg dynamics
- Suav pom tus founder ntawm niaj hnub kev puas hlwb
Lub sijhawm ntawm Txheej Txheem
- Yug rau lub Cuaj Hlis 9, 1890
- Xyoo 1914 - Koom tes nrog cov tub rog Yelemes.
- Xyoo 1916 - Tau txais ib Ph.D. los ntawm University of Berlin.
- Xyoo 1921 - Los ua ib tug kws qhia ntawv nyob rau ntawm Lub Koom Haum Ua Haujlwm ntawm University of Berlin.
- Xyoo 1932 - Nkag mus rau Tebchaws Meskas.
- Xyoo 1935 - Ua ib tug xibfwb nyob rau hauv University of Iowa; luam tawm Ib qho Dynamic Theory ntawm Cwm pwm .
- Xyoo 1944 - Tsim kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm MIT.
- Tuag thaum hnub nyoog 57 rau Lub Ob Hlis 12, 1947 ntawm lub plawv nres.
Kurt Lewin lub neej thaum ntxov
Yug hauv Prussia mus rau nruab nrab-tsev neeg Jewish, Kurt Lewin tau tsiv mus rau Berlin thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoos mus koom Gymnasium.
Nws kawm nyob rau hauv University of Frieberg xyoo 1909 kawm txog tshuaj ua ntej hloov mus rau University of Munich kawm biology. Nws thiaj li tiav cov ntawv kawm tiav ntawm University of Berlin.
Nws yog nws pib kawm nws cov kev kawm nrog kev txaus siab rau tus cwj pwm , tab sis nws ho tsim kev nyiam rau hauv Gestalt psychology .
Nws tau ua haujlwm pab dawb rau cov tub rog Yelemes xyoo 1914 thiab tom qab raug mob ntawm kev sib ntaus. Cov kev paub ntxov no tau muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev loj hlob ntawm nws txoj kev tshawb kawm thiab tom qab kawm txog pab pawg neeg muaj zog.
Hauj Lwm
Nyob rau hauv 1921, Kurt Lewin pib lecturing ntawm philosophy thiab psychology ntawm lub koom haum Psychological ntawm University of Berlin. Nws qhov chaw nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv thiab kev sau ntawv tseem ceeb tau kos npe rau ntawm Stanford University, thiab nws raug caw tuaj koom ua xibfwb mus saib thaum xyoo 1930. Thaum kawg, Lewin tau tuaj ua haujlwm rau Tebchaws Meskas thiab tau tuav txoj haujlwm nyob hauv University of Iowa, uas nws tau ua haujlwm txog xyoo 1944.
Thaum Lewin hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev xav, nws kuj ntseeg tias theories yuav tsum muaj cov tswv yim siv. Nws pib siv nws cov kev tshawb fawb los ua tsov rog, ua haujlwm rau US tsoom fwv. Lewin kuj tsim Group Dynamics hauv Massachusetts lub koom haum Technology (MIT) thiab National Training Laboratories (NTL). Lewin tuag plawv nres hauv xyoo 1947.
Kev tshawb xav
Los ntawm Gestalt psychology, Lewin tau tsim ib txoj kev xav uas hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kheej tus kheej, qhov teeb meem ntawm tus kheej, thiab qhov hloov cev. Lewin's Field Theory npaj siab tias tus cwj pwm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus neeg thiab qhov chaw nyob.
Qhov kev xav no tau muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, kev txhawb qhov kev xav tias peb tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov chaw nyob ua rau kom coj tus cwj pwm.
Lub Lewin, Lippitt, thiab Txoj Kev Kawm Dawb
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, cov menyuam kawm ntawv tau txais kev tso cai rau cov pawg neeg tsim kev ywj pheej, kev ncaj ncees lossis kev ncaj ncees. Nws tau pom hais tias kev tswjfwm kev tswjfwm kev ncajncees yog kev ncaj ncees thiab kev tswjhwm ntawm kev ncaj ncees. Cov kev tshawb fawb no sim ua kom muaj kev tshawb nrhiav txog kev coj noj coj ua.
Txoj kev koom tes rau Psychology
Kurt Lewin tau pab rau Gestalt psychology los ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm kev xav txog kev dag zog thiab kev siv lawv rau tib neeg tus cwj pwm.
Nws yog ib tus thawj ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb pom txog kev ntsuam xyuas tib neeg tus cwj pwm, cuam tshuam kev sim psychology , social psychology, thiab tus cwj pwm . Nws yog tus kws tshaj lij tshaj plaws, luam tawm ntau tshaj 80 cov khoom thiab yim phau ntawv qhia txog ntau yam psychology. Ntau yam ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav yuav raug luam tawm los ntawm nws cov ua haujlwm tom qab nws cia li tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 56 xyoos.
Lewin paub tias yog leej txiv ntawm niaj hnub kev sib thooj kev xav vim nws ua haujlwm ua haujlwm uas siv cov tswv yim thiab kev sim kom pom kev coj tus cwj pwm. Lewin yog ib qhov kev sib haum xeeb uas nws cov teebmeem ntawm kev xav txog kev puas siab puas ntsws ua rau nws yog ib tug ntawm cov neeg paub txog psychologists ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum.
Cov ntawv sau los ntawm Kurt Lewin
- Lewin, K. (1935) Lub hom phiaj ntawm tus cwj pwm. New York: McGraw-toj.
- Lewin, K. (1936) Cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev xav saum toj kawg nkaus. New York: McGraw-toj.
- Lewin, K. (1951) Kev tshawb nrhiav hauv kev tshawb fawb; xaiv cov ntaub ntawv theoretical. D. Cartwright (ed.). New York: Harper & Kab.