Hloov kev dig muag yog ib lo lus siv los ntawm kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsoog los piav txog cov neeg xav kom tsis tuaj yeem hloov kev hloov hauv lawv qhov chaw pom kev. Yog hais tias muaj ib yam dab tsi hauv koj lub nrig tsho pom zoo ua ntej koj lub qhov muag, koj yuav pom nws tam sim ntawd, puas yog? Thaum koj xav hais tias koj pom lossis paub txog txhua yam kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam ze, qhov tseeb yog tias muaj ntau cov lus qhia ntxiv rau koj lub hlwb kom ua tiav thiab paub txog txhua yam uas tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb ib ncig koj.
Feem ntau, kev hloov loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv koj daim duab pom thiab koj yeej tsis paub txog cov kev hloov no. Psychologists xa qhov no ua qhov kev hloov dig muag .
Nws yog dab tsi? Vim li cas nws tsis tshwm sim? Cas nws muaj li cas koj perceive thiab interact nrog lub ntiaj teb nyob ib ncig ntawm koj?
Txhais
Cia peb pib los ntawm kev saib xyuas li cas qee cov kev soj ntsuam sab saum toj piav qhov teeb meem zoo nkauj no. Raws li Simons thiab Rensink hais tias, "Lo lus hloov 'dig muag' yog hais txog qhov kev xav tsis yooj yim ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam tau pom cov kev hloov loj loj rau cov duab yeeb yam."
Vim li cas lawv piav qhov no ua rau peb xav tsis thoob? Vim tias ntau zaus, cov kev hloov hauv qhov muag pom zoo li no ua rau lawv pheej tsis nco qab. Tiam sis thaum pom hais tias lwm qhov chaw, cov tib neeg muaj peev xwm tshem tau cov me nyuam me thiab cov kev hloov loj uas muaj nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv.
"Hloov qhov pom kev tsis pom kev yog qhov tsis paub tias qhov khoom tau tsiv los yog ploj thiab yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev hloov pom.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov qhov muag tsis pom muaj peev xwm qhia tau tias txawm tias qhov kev hloov loj yog qhov tseem ceeb, "Eysenck thiab Keane kuj qhia tawm." Piv txwv, Simons thiab Levin (1998) tau tshawb cov kev tshawb fawb uas cov neeg tuaj koom nrog sib tham nrog ib tug neeg txawv. Cov neeg txawv tebchaws no tau hloov los ntawm lwm tus neeg txawv thaum lub sij hawm luv luv (xws li, ib yam khoom loj tuaj ntawm lawv).
Muaj ntau tus neeg tuaj koom tsis tau paub tias lawv tus khub sib tham tau pauv lawm! "
Tshawb nrhiav
Tej zaum qhov yooj yim tshaj kev pom kev pom kev dig muag hauv qhov kev txiav txim yog saib ntawm qee cov kev sim siab uas tau tshawb txog qhov tshwm sim no.
- Blackmore, Belstaff, Nelson, thiab Troscianko (Xyoo 1995) - Hauv qhov kev sim no, cov neeg tuaj koom tau pom ib daim duab uas tau hloov thaum lub sij hawm luv luv nyob rau hauv qhov muag pom. Cov neeg soj ntsuam pom tau tias thaum muaj kev nrauj me me hauv qhov muag pom, neeg pom nws nyuaj rau pom tseeb.
- Simons thiab Levin (1998) - Hauv qhov kev sim no, cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tau koom nrog kev sib tham. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev cuam tshuam, lawv hloov tus thawj tus neeg mus rau lwm tus neeg. Kuj ceeb tias, tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov neeg pom pom qhov sib txawv.
- O'Regan, Rensink, thiab Clarke (1999) - Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias thaum cov duab me me tuaj yeem ua dua ib qho duab, xws li mudsplashes dhau ib lub tsheb ciav hlau, kev hloov loj loj tuaj yeem ua rau pom qhov tsis muaj tus saib pom. Thaum cov kev tshawb fawb dhau los pom tau tias qhov kev hloov qhov muag tsis pom muaj peev xwm yuav ua tau los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev tu ncua xws li flickering, ntsais muag, lossis qhov muag qhov muag, txoj kev tshawb no tau qhia tias kev hloov qhov muag tsis pom muaj peev xwm tshwm sim tau yam tsis tas pom cov ntsej muag.
- Levin li al. (2000) - Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais rau cov neeg saib xyuas txog cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim hauv ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab thiab pom lawv tseem ua yeeb yam, 83 feem pua cov neeg tuaj koom tau twv tias lawv yuav pom cov kev hloov no. Thaum cov neeg soj ntsuam tsis paub hais tias cov kev hloov twg yuav tshwm sim, tsuas yog 11 feem pua ntawm lawv tau pom cov kev hloov.
- Feil & Mestre (2010) - Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no kuj pom zoo tias cov kws tshaj lij yuav ua tau zoo dua yog pom cov kev hloov hauv lawv qhov kev paub tshaj li novices. Piv txwv li, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo dua txog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm physics tshaj li ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv qib siab uas kawm nws thawj chav kawm physics.
Ua rau
Lub peev xwm los mus ntsuas qhov kev hloov ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub. Ob qho piv txwv no suav nrog kev ceeb toom thaum lub tsheb ntws mus rau hauv peb txoj kab khiav tsheb lossis saib ib tus neeg nkag mus rau hauv ib chav. Yog tias pom qhov kev hloov no tseem ceeb heev, vim li cas peb pheej tsis pom cov kev hloov loj?
Muaj ntau ntau yam uas ua si rau lub luag haujlwm:
Tsom ntsoov Attention thiab Cov Khoom Txwv
Thaum lub sij hawm no, koj txoj kev xav yog npaj rau cov lus koj nyeem. Thaum koj tab tom nrhiav cov kab lus no, koj puas kam mloog cov xim ntawm chav tsev koj nyob hauv los yog mus rau qhov twg koj txhais ko taw tso? Txog thaum kuv nug koj cov lus nug no, nws tsis paub zoo tias koj tau them siab rau ob yam ntawd.
Raws li tus kws tshawb fawb Daniel Simons, muaj kev ceeb toom , vim li ntawd peb tau xaiv thiab xaiv yam peb tsom ntsoov rau. Peb muaj peev xwm tsuas yog tsom rau ib yam thaum twg los tau, vim li ntawd nws yog qhov ib qho uas peb tau ua tib zoo saib hauv kev nthuav dav. Vim li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv loj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb puag ncig peb los ntawm peb cov kev paub txog vim peb tsis muaj cov kev pab cuam mus koom rau nws.
Lwm cov lus piav qhia txog kev hloov qhov muag tsis pom dab tsi?
Cov Kev Ntseeg thiab Cov Yav Qab Los Los
Oftentimes, peb cov kev cia siab rau tej yam uas yuav tsum tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig yuav ua lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tej uas peb paub txog lub ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv hu ua " Sensation and Algebra" , E. Bruce Goldstein sau hais tias, "Ib tus neeg xav tias lawv yuav pom qhov txawv txav yog tias lawv paub los ntawm cov kev paub dhau los uas hloov hauv lub neej tiag tiag yog qhov yooj yim pom. cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag thiab cov uas tshwm sim hauv kev hloov pom kev sim Cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag yog feem ntau nrog cov lus taw kev, uas ua rau lub cim qhia tias qhov kev hloov yog tshwm sim. "
Peb tsis pom ib co kev hloov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom ntiag tug ua rau hauv kev sim (lab) vim tias peb tsis xav tias yuav hloov li cas. Muaj ntau zaus hauv lub neej tiag tiag li cas ib tug neeg mam li tig mus rau lwm tus neeg? Thaum twg yog qhov khoom dheev ntses rau hauv hav tsuag thaum nws tsis muaj ua ntej? Tus neeg lub tsho puas yuav pauv qhov xim ua ntej peb lub qhov muag? Vim hais tias tej yam no tsuas yog tsis tshwm sim rau hauv peb lub neej los txog hnub hauv lub neej, peb yuav tsis pom lawv thaum lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim ua.
Lwm Yam Uas Ua Si Qhov Haujlwm
Muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov muag tsis pom kev, nrog rau kev mloog , hnub nyoog, cov khoom siv li cas, thiab kev siv cov tshuaj psychoactive . Cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias hloov tus neeg lub siab, xws li ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiv. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov neeg laus zog tsis tshua pom cov kev hloov hauv qhov kev pom zoo.
Peb lub peev xwm los siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv yeeb yaj kiab yog txwv tsis pub siv nyiaj tsawg. "Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog qhov tshaj tawm cov av hauv koj ob lub qhov muag dua li koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam thiab tseem xaus nrog lub hlwb lub cev ," piav qhia tshawb nrhiav Jeremy Wolfe ntawm Harvard Medical School rau New York Times . Yuav kom tiv nrog no yooj yim npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau peb kev pom qhov system tsis yog assimilated. Tsom ntsoov rau ntawm ib qho ntawm peb cheeb tsam yuav cia peb muaj qhov tseem ceeb kom pom kev zoo ntawm tej yam uas peb xav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua thiab ua rau.
Hloov Kev Ntseeg Nyob Hauv Lub Ntiaj Teb No
Kev txhim kho txoj kev hloov yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub peev xwm ua haujlwm hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub. Koj tuaj yeem xav paub txog qee cov qauv ntawm kev hloov qhov muag pom tau tias yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv cov xwm txheej hauv ntiaj teb.
Qee qhov no suav nrog:
- Kev Sib Txawv Rau Kev Sib Txawv: Hloov kev dig muag tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau peb cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib tham xws li cov me nyuam yau me me xws li nug tus neeg tu neeg tsis ncaj ncees rau ntawm daim tshev
- Kev Tsav Tsheb: Tsis tuaj yeem pom kev hloov hauv cheeb tsam thaum koj tsav tsheb tuaj yeem ua rau quab yuam, qee zaum tuag taus, qhov yuav tshwm sim. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias kev cuam tshuam xws li kev hais lus hauv xov tooj los sis sau ntawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiv.
- Cov Lus Cog Tseg: Cov neeg tshawb nrhiav pom tias qhov kev hloov dig muag tseem tuaj yeem ua tus luag haujlwm hauv tus neeg tim khawv lub peev xwm los qhia txog qhov kev ua txhaum los yog txheeb xyuas tus neeg ua txhaum txoj cai.
- Kev Teeb Tsav Tsheb: Yog tias lub tswb cuam tshuam ntawm huab cua tsis pom kev hloov tseem ceeb, kev ua rau raug mob kuj yuav ua rau.
Qhov chaw:
Angier, N. Qhov muag tsis pom hloov, txawm tias nws ua rau peb lub ntsej muag. Lub sij hawm New York . >> (2008, Plaub Hlis 1).
Davies G, Hine S. Hloov txoj kev dig muag thiab qhov ua tim khawv pom. Cov Phau Ntawv ntawm Psychology. 2007; 141 (4): 423-434.
Eysenck, MW & Keane, MT Kev puas siab puas ntsws: Tus menyuam kawm ntawv phau ntawv qhia . New York: Psychology Xovxwm Ltd.; 2006.
Goldstein, EB Sensation thiab xaav. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth; Xyoo 2010.
O'Regan, JK, Rensink, RA, & Clark, JL Hloov-dig muag los ntawm "mudsplashes". Xwm. doi: 10.1038 / 17953; 1999.
Simons, DJ & Rensink, RA Hloov dig muag: Yav tag los, tam sim no, thiab yav tom ntej. Hloov hauv kev paub qab hau. 2005; 9 (1): 16-20.