Ib hom tshuaj lom neeg muaj yees, methamphetamine tshwm li dawb, tsis muaj ntxhiab, crystalline hmoov. Txawm hais tias nws muaj teebmeem zoo li nws niam nws txiv cov tshuaj amphetamine, meth yog ib hom kabmob uas muaj zog tshaj vim tias muaj ntau dua methamphetamine ua rau lub hlwb. Meth tseem kav ntev tshaj li amphetamine thiab tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem ntau dua.
Tus Kab Mob Methamphetamine Abuse hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog dab tsi?
Txawm hais tias kev tsim txom methamphetamine ntau zuj zus hauv thaj tsam ob peb cheeb tsam, tag nrho cov siv meth siv tau qis dua 10 xyoo dhau los.
Muaj ntau ntau cov kev soj ntsuam xyuas ntawm tsoom fwv uas kwv yees siv tshuaj yeeb tshuaj rau xyoo tam sim no thiab yav dhau los hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tag nrho cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias muaj kev poob qis hauv kev siv methamphetamine hauv lub xyoo dhau los.
Xyoo 2012 National Survey rau Kev Siv Tshuaj thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (NSDUH) kwv yees 1.2 lab tus neeg siv meth hauv lub xyoo dhau los thiab 440,000 lub hlis dhau los. Los ntawm kev sib piv, tib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas kwv yees li ntawm 731,000 tus neeg siv tas xyoo 2006. NSDUH hauv xyoo 2012 qhia tias 133,000 tus neeg siv methamphetamine tshiab (tib yam li 2011) nrog rau qhov nruab nrab hnub nyoog 19.7 xyoo.
Xyoo 2012 Kev Teeb Meem Kev Soj Ntsuam (MTF) kwv yees siv methamphetamine tsuas siv 1% ntawm 8, 10 thiab 12 hauv xyoo dhau los. Tus lej no muaj tsawg dua txij li xyoo 1999 los txog thaum meth tau xub ntxiv rau daim ntawv soj ntsuam ntawm lub teb chaws cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Kev soj ntsuam kev tsim tshuaj (Drug Abuse Warning Network) (DAWN) cov lus nug txog kev siv tshuaj kho mob thaum muaj xwm ceev tau qhia tias cov tshuaj methamphetamine tau txheeb xyuas 103,000 ED zaug nyob rau xyoo 2011, qis dua 132,576 hauv xyoo 2004. Meth yog plaub feem ntau cov tshuaj tsis raug cai thaum muaj xwm ceev tom qab muaj mob cocaine, marijuana, thiab tus nees ej
Txoj Kev Kho Mob Tawm Tseg Xyoo 2011 (TEDS) tau pom tias cov kev kho mob thoob ntiaj teb rau kev siv tshuaj methamphetamine nqis pes tsawg 8.1 feem pua ntawm 2005 txog 5.6% hauv xyoo 2011. Ntawm tag nrho cov mob meth kev kho mob cov neeg mob, 53% yog txiv neej thiab 68% non-Hispanic dawb.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee thaj chaw ntawm sab hnub poob thiab Midwest, kev siv meth tsis qis. Nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo 2012, meth tau ua thawj zaug hauv kev siv tshuaj yeeb nyob hauv Hawaii thiab San Diego, ob hauv San Francisco thiab hauv peb lub Denver thiab Phoenix, raws li National Institute ntawm Txoj Kev Siv Tshuaj Tua Tsiaj Loj Pab Pawg.
Tshuaj Methamphetamine Siv Li Cas?
Methamphetamine yuav siv tau ntau txoj kev vim tias nws tau ua ntau hom ntawv sib txawv. Yuav ua li cas siv meth yog nyob ntawm seb thaj chaw hauv lub tebchaws koj nyob. Nws muaj peev xwm haus luam yeeb, nqus, hnoos los yog nqos tau. Raws li National Institute on Drug Abuse, haus luam yeeb tam sim no yog txoj kev siv ntau hom meth.
Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam txog kev siv tshuaj Methamphetamine?
Methamphetamine yog ib qho ua kom muaj zog loj uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev muaj zog thiab kev vam meej thiab ua rau kev noj qab haus huv, txawm tias muaj me me. Meth abusers kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem, thiab ntshav siab.
Yog tias ib tug neeg ua dhau los ntawm methamphetamine, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev kub thiab siab ntsws. Yog tias tsis kho, qhov teebmeem no yuav ua rau tuag taus.
Kev tshawb xyuas qhia tau hais tias methamphetamine, zoo li lwm yam yeeb tshuaj ntawm kev tsim txom , ua rau nws cov teebmeem los ntawm kev ua rau cov ntshav siab heev ntawm cov neurotransmitter dopamine tawm hauv lub hlwb. Meth ua rau ntau tus dopamine tso tawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig rau txoj kev siv yeeb tshuaj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb.
Raws li lub Koom Haum Lub Tebchaws rau Txoj Kev Tsim Tshuaj Yeeb, cov hauv qab no yog qee cov teebmeem ntawm cov neeg siv meth tuaj yeem paub:
- Ua rau kom muaj zog thiab poob qis
- Nce kev ua si thiab kev vam meej
- Txo kev noj qab haus huv
- Zoo siab thiab maj
- Nce kom ua pa
- Lub plawv dhia ceev ceev / tsis zoo
- Hyperthermia
Cov Kev Txuam Ntev Ntawm Methamphetamine Ua Tsis Taus Lawm Yog Dab Tsi?
Muab piv rau lwm cov tshuaj txhaum cai, methamphetamine kuj tuaj yeem ua rau qee yam tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv uas tsis muaj kev vam meej. Nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj, nrog rau dej cawv, thaum ib tug neeg tsis siv tshuaj, qhov kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim txom nws pib thiab tus neeg siv pib rov qab. Qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem nrog qee qhov teebmeem ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob (methamphetamine).
Methamphetamine Different From Cocaine Li Cas?
Methamphetamine thiab cocaine muaj qee yam kev coj cwj pwm zoo thiab kev mob muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj ntau qhov txawv ntawm qhov lawv ua hauj lwm hauv lub cev.
Cocaine yuav luag tag nrho metabolized thiab muab tshem tawm hauv lub cev. Methamphetamine, ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam, nyob hauv lub cev tsis hloov mus ntev ntev. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntev, ua tau ntev dua cov teebmeem.
Ob leeg cov tshuaj methamphetamine thiab cocaine nce siab ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, tab sis cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias meth siv ua rau ntau ntau dua ntawm dopamine dua li yeeb vim tias cov hlab hlwb txawv teb rau ob hom tshuaj.
Ob leeg cocaine thiab methamphetamine muab lub txiaj ntsim ntawm dopamine nyob rau hauv lub hlwb los thaiv cov kab mob ntawm cov paj hlwb. Tab sis, meth tsuas yog cov tshuaj reabsorption ntawm tsawg koob. Nws kuj ua rau kev tso tawm ntawm dopamine, uas ua rau ntau dua ntau dua nyob rau hauv qhov nruab nrab ntawm neurons. Qhov no ua rau cov hlab ntsha qis puas.
Puas Muaj Cov Neeg Methamphetamine Cov Neeg Tua Tsiaj Raug Teeb Meem ntawm Txoj Kev Mob HIV / AIDS?
Yog, cov neeg siv methamphetamine yog cov yuav kis tau zoo tshaj rau kev sib cog lus thiab kis kab mob kis kab mob thiab qhov no yuav tsis tas rau cov neeg txhaj tshuaj.
Muaj tseeb, cov neeg siv yeeb tshuaj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HIV thiab kab mob siab B thiab C feem ntau yog vim lawv rov siv thiab sib faib cov koob tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab lwm yam kabmob. Tab sis, txawm tias cov neeg haus luam yeeb lossis nqhis meth tuaj yeem koom nrog kev nyab xeeb, xws li kev sib deev uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, vim lawv qhov kev txiav txim thiab kev tiv thaiv raug cuam tshuam.
Risky Kev Ntxub Ntxaug
Raws li lub Koom Haum Lub Tebchaws ntawm Txoj Kev Tshuaj Txhaum Kev Tsim Tshuaj Yeeb, methamphetamine nce libido rau ob hom kabmob thiab hom kabmob meth. Yog li, meth yog txuas rau kev pheej hmoo ua rau kev sib deev ntau dua li lwm cov tshuaj txhaum cai.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb qhia tias qhov kev pheej hmoo loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev kis kab mob HIV yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov txiv neej meth cov neeg uas muaj kev sib deev nrog lwm tus txiv neej.
Txawm hais tias ntxov siv meth siv libido rau cov txiv neej, kev siv tshuaj ntev methamphetamine yuav cuam tshuam rau txiv neej ua haujlwm, kev tshawb fawb qhia.
Worsens HIV Txheej Txheem
Muaj lwm cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias kev siv tshuaj muaj yees ntau dua qhov ua rau tus kab mob HIV, ua kom nws loj hlob zoo. Vim hais tias cov neeg siv meth tsis ua raws li lawv cov tshuaj noj, cov neeg mob HIV uas yog methamphetamine cov neeg siv thiab cov kws kho mob siab heev (HAART) muaj feem ntau yuav tsim tau cov kab mob AIDS dua cov uas tsis yog siv meth.
Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov meth abusers nrog cov kab mob HIV ntau dua yuav muaj kev puas siab ntsws loj dua thiab kev paub tsis meej, piv nrog cov neeg mob uas tsis siv meth.
Qhov zoo, NIDA cov kev tshawb fawb kuj qhia tau hais tias kev kho mob, kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev pabcuam hauv zejzos hauv lub zejzos tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus cwj pwm kev mob HIV ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm meth.
Cov Kev Kho Mob Dab Tsi Siv Tau Rau Cov Neeg Ua Tau Methamphetamine?
Kev coj tus cwj pwm coj, xws li kev paub txog kev paub txog tus cwj pwm thiab kev tswj hwm, tam sim no yog qhov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau kev quav tshuaj methamphetamine.
Raws li National Institute on Drug Abuse, ib qho kev kho mob coj cwj pwm 16 lub lis piam uas paub tias lub Matrix Model tau pom muaj txiaj ntsim zoo rau kev txo cov kev siv tshuaj yeeb ntsig methamphetamine. Nws txuas nrog kev coj tus cwj pwm, kev qhia tsev neeg, kev txhawb tswv yim, kev txhawb nqa 12-kauj ruam, kev kuaj tshuaj thiab kev txhawb nqa rau cov kev ua ub no uas tsis yog yeeb tshuaj.
Cov kev pabcuam raws li kev pabcuam kuj tau pom zoo rau kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob (methamphetamine). Kev tswj xyuas qhov kev tswj xyuas kev nyab xeeb , piv txwv, muab kev txhawb siab rau kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntxiv.
Motivational Incentives for Enhancing Kev Yeeb Tshuaj Yeeb Tshuaj Yeeb Tshuaj (MIEDAR), yog lwm txoj kev txhawb siab uas tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm National Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
Muaj kev pom zoo los ntawm cov tshuaj uas yuav pab tau cov neeg txiav luam yeeb uas yog haus cawv , cocaine , thiab heroin , tab sis tam sim no, tsis muaj kev kho mob uas tau txais kev tso cai los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob (methamphetamine). Kev tshawb nrhiav yog nyob ntawm qee yam kev khomob pheej cia siab tias yuav txo tau kev siv meth thiab ua kom ntev ntev, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg tau txais kev pom zoo.
Qhov chaw:
Lub Koom Haum Thoob Plaws Hauv Lub Tebchaws. "Methamphetamine." Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Hloov Tshiab Cuaj Hlis 2013
Kev Koom Tes ntawm DrugFree.org. "Methamphetamine." Ntawv Qhia Tshuaj .
Kuv Puas Paub Tawm Yog tias ib qho Meth Lab Tau Nyob Hauv Ib Lub Tsev Kuv Tos Txais?
Tsoomfwv Lub Chaw Pabcuam Tsav Xwm (US Enforcement Agency) tau sau cov npe ntawm cov chaw nyob uas muaj cai lijchoj pom cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov tshuaj methamphetamine los yog pov tseg. Daim ntawv no tsis qhia txog seb qhov twg puas tau raug ntxuav kom huv. Cov tswv yuav tsum tau hu rau tub ceev xwm hauv zos los yog cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev noj qab haus huv los txiav txim seb puas muaj kev tu lub tsev. I do not know
Leej Twg Yog Tus Neeg Tawv Me Nyuam Meth?
Tus "neeg siv" cov neeg siv ntawm methamphetamine tej zaum tsis ua raws li qhov profile uas koj xav tau. Raws li Kev Pom Kev Ntseeg, tus neeg siv cov tub ntxhais hluas raug xaiv ntawm meth yog 17 xyoo dawb tus txiv neej uas nyob nrog ob leeg niam txiv, thawj zaug uas tau sim meth thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12,6, yog tus neeg tsis paub qab hau nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsis xav tias cov tshuaj muaj mob rau nws .
Ob leeg niam txiv ntawm cov neeg siv meth raug ua hauj lwm tag nrho thiab feem ntau kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem siab thiab kawm qib siab. Raws li 3,000 meth cov neeg siv tshawb fawb, 33.4 feem pua hais tias cov niam txiv tsis pom tias nws tsis ncaj ncees rau lawv siv cov tshuaj maj thiab 30.4 feem pua hais tias lawv niam lawv txiv tsis tawm tsam yog tias lawv siv lwm yam tshuaj.
Ua ntej xyoo 2005-2006, Kev Ntsib Teeb Meem tau txais 101,141 cov lus teb rau lawv cov lus nug tsis qhia npe rau cov kawm qib 6-12. Ntawm cov neeg teb, 3.1% feem pua qhia siv meth tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv lub xyoo dhau los thiab 2 feem pua qhia tawm siv txhua hli.
Cov Tub Ntxhais Cov Tub Ntxhais Hluas
Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom txog Kev Sib Tsim Nyog (Pride Surveys report), lwm yam tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv tshawb fawb 2006 muaj xws li:
- Ntau tshaj ib nrab (51.1 feem pua) nrhiav meth ua "yooj yim heev" kom tau. Lwm 12,5 feem pua hais tias "ncaj yooj yim."
- Cov neeg siv meth ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yog ib pawg neeg siv tshuaj yeeb los ntawm 74.7 feem pua qhia txog kev siv tshuaj yeeb dawb (marijuana), piv rau 8.2 feem pua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm.
- Peb-feem pua ntawm cov tub kawm ntawv siv meth (77.3 feem pua) hais tias lawv cov phooj ywg siv marijuana qee zaus, los yog ntau dua, nrog ntau tshaj ib nrab (51.9 feem pua) haus luam yeeb lauj kaub "ntau heev."
- Kev siv luam yeeb txhua hnub raug qhia los ntawm 52.9 feem pua ntawm cov neeg siv meth, piv nrog rau 6 feem pua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm.
- Kev siv dej cawv txhua hnub tau raug qhia los ntawm 39.5 feem pua, piv nrog rau 1.1 feem pua ntawm cov neeg tsis yog siv.
Cov hnub nyoog ua puas rau cov neeg siv meth yog: 19+ xyoo (6.4 feem pua); 18 xyoo (9 feem pua); 17 xyoo (18.1 feem pua); 16 xyoos (16 feem pua); 15 xyoos (15.9 feem pua); 14 xyoos (13 feem pua); 13 xyoos (10 feem pua); 12 xyoos (6.1 feem pua); 11 xyoo (2.8 feem pua); 10 thiab tsis pub dhau xyoo (2.6 feem pua).