Freud lub xyoo kawg tau cim los ntawm qhov mob
Sigmund Freud yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xav txog kev lag luam uas nto moo tshaj plaws thiab nws tseem yog ib lub luag haujlwm rau hnub no. Thaum nws siv nws lub neej thiab txoj hauj lwm ua hauj lwm thiab tsim nws cov tswv yim hauv Vienna, Austria, qhov kawg xyoo ntawm nws lub neej yog lub sijhawm hloov ntau heev. Kawm ntxiv txog qhov kawg xyoo Freud lub neej thiab qhov kawg ntawm nws txoj kev tuag.
Lub Xyoos Xyoo ntawm Sigmund Freud Lub Neej
Sigmund Freud tuag nyob rau London rau lub Cuaj Hlis 23, 1939 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 83 xyoo.
Xyoo kawg ntawm Freud lub neej yog lub sij hawm ntawm upheaval thiab tawm tsam nrog mob. Nws tau siv feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej nyob thiab ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv Vienna, tab sis tag nrho cov no hloov thaum lub Nazi lub annexed Austria nyob rau hauv 1938.
Ntxiv rau kev ua Yudais, Freud lub koob meej yog tus tsim ntawm psychoanalysis ua nws lub hom phiaj. Ob Sigmund Freud thiab nws tus ntxhais Anna tau interrogated los ntawm Gestapo, thiab ntau ntawm nws cov phau ntawv raug hlawv. Nyob rau hauv nws cov lus sib tham kawg nrog Gestapo, Freud raug yuam kom kos npe rau ib daim ntawv hais tias nws tsis tau raug kev tsim txom. Freud sarcastically commented, "Kuv tau feem ntau xav kom cov Gestapo rau txhua tus neeg."
Tawm ntawm Vienna rau London
Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, ib tug phooj ywg tsev neeg tau ua tiav txoj kev nyab xeeb ntawm Freud, nws tus poj niam Martha thiab tus ntxhais Anna hnub Monday. Ib tug Freud cov viv ncaus tau tsiv mus rau Tebchaws Meskas ntau xyoo dhau los thiab nws tus tijlaug kuj tau txiav txim siab tawm hauv Austria xyoo 1938, tab sis qee tus Freud tsev neeg tsis muaj hmoo.
Txawm tias ob peb zaug los nws tau plaub tug viv ncaus, Dolfi, Mitzi, Rosa, thiab Pauli, tsis muaj kev vam meej thiab txhua tus poj niam tom qab tuag tag nrho hauv cov chaw pw tom hav zoov.
Freud tshuav Vienna rau Lub Rau Hli 4, 1938, txog ob hnub tom qab nyob rau London, England. Nws sau hais tias, "Lub siab uas tau txais kev dim kev nyuaj siab," nws tau sau hais tias, "nws ua siab ntev heev rau txoj kev quaj ntsuag, vim ib tug tseem tau hlub heev rau hauv tsev loj cuj uas tau tso tawm."
Thaum lawv tuaj txog rau hauv London, Sigmund thiab Martha tau mus ua ib lub tsev tshiab nyob rau ntawm 20 Maresfield Gardens. Ib tug hnyav haus luam yeeb haus luam yeeb, Freud tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov ncauj mob cancer txij li thaum 1923 thiab twb tau ua ntau yam haujlwm lawm. Tom qab mob cancer rov qab, nws cov kws kho mob tau tshaj tawm tias qog nqaij hlav lawm. Nws tus hlub tus dev yuav ua rau nws lub zog vim nws tus ntxhiab ntawm Freud cov pob txha necrotic pob txha. Nws kuj raug yuam kom hnav lub qhov ncauj kom nws lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj tuaj yeem sib cais, ua rau nws nyuaj rau noj lossis hais lus.
Thaum tham tau mob nyuab heev thiab nyuaj vim yog mob cancer, nws tau sau ib tsab xov xwm luv luv rau BBC rau Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 7, 1938. Freud yog 81 xyoo thaum lub sij hawm thiab cov lus yog tib qho kev sau tseg ntawm nws lub suab hauv lub neej.
Rau lub Cuaj Hlis 21, 1939, Freud nug nws tus kws kho mob kom muab cov tshuaj tua kabmob ntawm morphine. Freud tus kws kho mob tom qab tau sau ntawv hais tias, "Thaum nws muaj kev txom nyem, kuv tau muab nws piv rau ob ntiv taw ntawm morphine thiab nws tau pw tsaug zog thiab pw tsaug zog zoo nkauj. 12 teev Freud yog obviously thiaj li ze kawg ntawm nws reserves tias nws lapsed mus rau coma thiab tsis tsa rov. "
Freud tuag nyob rau thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 23, 1939. Peb hnub tom qab, nws lub cev tau tawg thiab nws cov hluav taws tso rau hauv ib qho ancient Greek urn thaum ub nws yog tus phoojywg Marie Bonaparte.
Nyiag Tom Qab Mus Ntsib Mus Nrig Urn Muaj Freud's Ashes
Nyob rau Lub Ib Hlis 2014, British tub ceev xwm pom lawv tus kheej ntawm kev yos hav zoov rau cov tub sab nyiag nkoog uas tau xav sim nyiag tus tshauv ntawm psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud.
Raws li tub ceev xwm, qhov kev tub sab nyiag ntawm tshwm sim hauv lub London Crematorium thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31 los sis Lub Ib Hlis 1. Lub 2,300-xyoo-laus urn uas muaj cov hluav taws kub ntawm Freud thiab nws tus poj niam Martha raug puas tsuaj.
"Qhov no yog ib txoj kev txiav txim siab ntawm ib tug tub sab hu ua," hais tias Detective Constable Daniel Candler. "Txawm tias txawm tawm ntawm qhov nyiaj txiag ntawm qhov tsis txaus siab thiab qhov keeb kwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg uas nws muaj feem, qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug neeg tsim tawm los mus ua ib qho khoom uas nws paub txog qhov kawg ntawm ib tug neeg defies kev ntseeg."
Qhov chaw:
Cohen, L. Cas Sigmund Freud xav tuag. Lub Atlantic. Lub Cuaj Hlis 23, 2014. http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/09/how-sigmund-freud-wanted-to-die/380322/.
Freud: teeb meem thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Qiv ntawm Congress; 2010. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/freud/.
Hothersall, D. Keeb Kwm Ntawm Psychology, 3rd ed., Mcgraw-Hill: NY; 1995.
Kennedy, M. "Urn uas muaj Sigmund Freud's ashes smashed thaum lub sij hawm nyiag kev sib tw Lub Guardian Lub Ib Hlis 15, 2014. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/jan/15/urn-sigmund-freud-ashes- smashed-tub sab-sim.