Xyoo 20, 1999, cov menyuam kawm ntawv Eric Harris thiab Dylan Klebold tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog Columbine High School, uas ua rau 12 tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawv thiab ib tus xibfwb tuag, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm 20 tus neeg. Cov neeg ua phem nkag tau coj lawv lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv ua yeeb yam rau tib neeg thiab tsev kawm ntawv hnub no.
Qhov xwm txheej hauv Columbine High School tau tsim teeb meem rau kev txhim kho cov teeb meem rau cov tub ntxhais hluas kev ua phem (xws li keeb kwm kev coj cwj pwm txawv , kev thab plaub, kev ua phem rau hauv xov xwm), thiab kev xav tau kev txhim kho thiab kev ua raws li cov kev qhia ntawm qhov paub ntxov ntxov ntawm cov teeb meem no thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tsev kawm ntawv kev ua phem.
Tau Hloov Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv Txij Nkawm Los ntawm Columbine?
Ib pawg kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Northern Colorado thiab Englewood Schools nyob hauv Englewood, Colorado, xav paub txog cov kev hloov hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv Colorado tau ua txij thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1999 los mus tiv thaiv cov teeb meem yav tom ntej.
Lawv xa cov ntawv tshawb fawb rau tsev kawm ntawv cov kws kho mob hlwb hauv 335 lub tsev kawm ntawv qib high school thoob plaws hauv Colorado. Cov kev kuaj no tau nug tsev kawm ntawv cov kws kho mob hlwb hais txog cov kev pabcuam teebmeem kev xav thiab cov kev pabcuam tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov thiab cov tswv yim hauv lawv lub tsev kawm ntawv ua ntej thiab tomqab Lub Plaub Hlis 1999
Kev Hloov hauv Cov Kev Pabcuam Teebmeem Kev Xav thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ntxub Ntxaug
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tau tias ntau cov kev pabcuam thiab cov kev pabcuam tau muaj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv uantej uas tau ua txhaum Columbine. Piv txwv li, feem ntau cov tsev kawm ntawv (kwv yees li 88%) tau muab tswv yim rau cov me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab muaj cov hau kev rau kev txheeb xyuas (kwv yees li 71%) thiab nrog rau (thaj tsam 68%) cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv uas yuav muaj teeb meem rau kev ua phem.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov kev hloov tau ua tom qab lub Plaub Hlis 1999, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm cov kev pabcuam teebmeem kev xav thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tsimtxom uas tau tshuaj xyuas kom muaj nuj nqis ntau dua. Qee qhov kev hloov no raug saib xyuas hauv qab no.
- Muaj 20 feem pua ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev npaj muaj teebmeem
- Muaj 10% nce nyob rau hauv muaj kev pab tawm tswv yim
- Kwv yees li 9% ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj ib pab pawg neeg txom nyem
- 8% ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv tau pib muaj cov ntawv tso npe txhua hnub nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv uas muaj feem yuav raug rau kev ua phem
- Muaj ib ncig ntawm 8% nce nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem kev daws teeb meem
- 7% cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev cob qhia kev txawj ntse.
Lwm cov kev hloov ua tau (ntawm thaj tsam li 5% mus rau 7% nce hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv) muaj kev qhia ntawv rau kev ua haujlwm nrog kev xav, kev tsim kho cov niam txiv, kev pab cuam rau cov tub ntxhais muaj kev ntshai, koom nrog pab neeg, thiab pab kho tsev neeg.
Txawm li cas los xij, tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas muaj teeb meem rau kev ua phem, ua rau cov kev pabcuam teebmeem kev xav rau kev khomob, muab kev pabcuam rau kev sib raug zoo, muab kev pabcuam rau cov menyuam, nrog cov kws pab tswvyim, thiab pab tswvyim rau tus kheej.
Kev Pauv hauv kev ruaj ntseg
Ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj ntau cov tswv yim tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov (thawj kev ruaj ntseg) tom qab lub Plaub Hlis 1999.
- Thaj tsam li 63% cov tsev kawm ntawv tau muaj kev ruaj ntseg
- 40% ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv tau teeb tsa kev qhuab qhia rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv
- Kwv yees li 32 feem pua ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tau muaj kev ruaj ntseg
- Thaj tsam li 17% feem ntau cov tsev kawm ntawv tau pib ua cov chav tshawb nrhiav
- Thaj tsam li 13% feem ntau cov tsev kawm ntawv tau nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Ntau Hloov Ntxiv
Dua li ntawm cov kev hloov no, ntau tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kawm ntawv xav tau kev hloov ntau ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog kev muaj cov kws tshaj lij ntawm cov kws kho mob muaj nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv, kev muab cov kev qhia ua niam txiv, thiab kev sib koom ua ke daws teeb meem. Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws uas ua rau cov kev hloov no, txawm li cas los xij, yog qhov tsis muaj nyiaj thiab cov neeg nyob hauv cov kev pab no.
Tiv thaiv kev nruj kev tsiv
Nws yog kev cia siab pom tias muaj ntau yam kev hloov hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv nroog Colorado txij thaum muaj kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1999. Txawm tias muaj kev hloov ntau dua (thiab xav tau), kev cia siab, cov kev hloov no yuav pab kom tsis muaj teeb meem yav tom ntej.
Tau kawg, cov kws tshawb fawb no tsuas soj ntsuam cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv nroog Colorado. Tsawg tshaj qhov paub txog seb cov tsev kawm ntawv puas nyob thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws tau siv cov kev hloov no.
Tsis tas li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias kev tiv thaiv cov tub ntxhais hluas kev ua phem tsis yog rau cov tsev kawm ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev lees paub ntawm cov niam txiv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm. Cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua rau cov tub ntxhais hluas tau raug txheeb xyuas, xws li keeb kwm ntawm kev coj cwj pwm, keeb kwm ntawm kev puas hlwb, kev siv tshuaj, keeb kwm ntawm kev yau yau, pluag tsis tu ncua, kev thab plaub, thiab ntau dhau muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv xov xwm.
Koj tuaj yeem kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog lwm yam kev pheej hmoo thiab kev ceeb toom thaum ntxov los ntawm American Psychological Association (APA), uas muab ib phau ntawv qhia txog vim li cas rau cov tub ntxhais hluas kev nruj kev tsiv, lees paub tias muaj peev xwm ua phem rau lwm tus, thiab yuav ua li cas los tswj kev tsim txom rau koj tus kheej thiab lwm tus. Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Tub Ntxhais Hluav Tawm Lub Tebchaws kuj muaj lus qhia txog ntau yam kev ceeb toom rau tub ntxhais kev ua phem.
Qhov chaw:
> Crepeau-Hobson, MF, Filaccio, M., & Gottfried, L. (2005). Kev tiv thaiv kom nruj kev kub ntxhov tom qab Columbine: Daim ntawv soj ntsuam ntawm cov kws kho mob hlwb hauv tsev kawm. Cov Me Nyuam thiab Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv, 27 , 157-165.
> Bartels, L. (2002, Plaub Hlis 13). Columbine 2002: Lub xeem hoob kawm. Rocky Mountain Xov xwm .
> Verlinden, S., Hersen, M., & Thomas, J. (2000). Muaj tej yam hauv kev kawm ntawv. Soj Ntsuam Psychology Ntsuam Xyuas, 20 , 3-56.