Dab tsi muaj cov txheej xwm rau kev kuaj mob kev noj qab haus huv hloov?
Cov kev kuaj mob kev noj qab haus huv muaj cov kev hloov kev noj qab haus huv underwent loj hloov nrog tso tawm Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders thib tsib tsab ntawv, ntau zaus ua kom yooj yim rau cov kws kho mob kom kuaj tau ib tug neeg muaj kev noj mov.
Feem ntau DSM yog hu ua "phau ntawv" ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev xav hauv lub hlwb, thiab qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov hloov tshiab hauv cov khoom tshiab muaj qhov hnyav nrog cov kws kho kev puas hlwb.
Tsab cai tam sim no, DSM-V, tau luam tawm rau xyoo 2013 thiab tau ob lub sijhawm ntev thiab tos deb ntawm cov neeg tshawb nrhiav thiab cov kws kho mob. Tsab ntawv dhau los, DSM-IV-TR, tau tshaj tawm xyoo 2000.
Ntawm no yog ib qho luv luv ntawm cov kev hloov rau kev kuaj mob kev ntshawv siab muaj nyob rau hauv DSM-V:
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob
Thawj thawj zaug, DSM-V muaj xws li kev tsis sib thooj ntawm kev siv binge-eating yog ib qho kev tsis txaus ntseeg thiab pom tau tias mob.
Lub tswv yim DSM-IV-TR tau suav nrog txoj kev tsis haum rau kev noj haus li kev teev npe ntawm cov kev cai "rau kev tshawb nrhiav." Qhov tseeb tiag, cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev siv khoom noj khoom haus tsis yog vim li cas ho lees paub tias cov txheej txheem rau qhov kev tsis sib haum tsis tau tas li los ntawm thiab ironed tawm.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov kev hloov no yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev yoog rau cov neeg uas muaj teebmeem txog kev noj mov thiab yuav vam tias lawv muaj ntau txoj kev pab them nqi kho mob thiab kev kho mob, thiab.
Anorexia Nervosa
Tus DSM-V tau ua ob qho kev hloov loj rau txoj kev uas muaj qhov mob anorexia nervosa, ob leeg yuav tsum ua kom yooj yim dua rau tus mob.
Nyob rau hauv DSM-IV-TR, thiaj li kom ib tug neeg tau txais kev kuaj mob anorexia nervosa, lawv qhov hnyav yuav tsum tau nyob los sis qis dua 85% ntawm lawv lub cev qhov hnyav (raws li lub cev qhov ntsuas ntawm lub cev), yog li tsis suav cov uas tau qhia meej txog kev txom nyem tab sis twb tsis tau poob lub cev nyhav txaus kom tau txais kev kuaj mob.
Lub DSM-V tau rov ua haujlwm li hais tias tus neeg tau txais "ib qho uas tsis tshua muaj hnyav li." Nws tseem muaj cov kws kho mob muaj peev xwm los qhia txog qhov teeb meem loj ntawm qhov teeb meem no rau ntawm lub cev qhov kev qhia ntawm lub cev.
Qhov thib ob loj hloov rau kev kuaj mob anorexia nervosa yog tias cov ntxhais hluas thiab cov poj niam tsis tau poob lawm lawv cov sij hawm (qhov kev kho mob hu ua amenorrhea) thiaj li yuav kuaj tau qhov anorexia nervosa. Hauv tsab ntawv ua ntej ntawm DSM, cov poj niam yuav tsum tau raug hla peb los yog ntau lub sijhawm kom kuaj tau.
Bulimia Nervosa
Tus kabmob DSM-V rau kev thev pob txha yuav tsum tau noj cov zaubmov ntawm lub cev thiab kev tivthaiv kom rov ua haujlwm rau tsawg kawg ib zaug ib lub lim tiam li tsawg kawg peb lub hlis. Qhov no yog qhov hloov ntawm yav dhau los hauv DSM-IV-TR, uas yuav tsum tau noj cov zaub mov thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob kom tsawg kawg ob zaug ib lim piam twg rau tsawg kawg peb lub hlis.
Cov qub qub kuj tau sau tseg rau lwm yam kev sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj ntaus pob txha (thaum koj qias neeg ntuav lossis siv cov tshuaj ua kom qis) thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm bulimia nervosa (thaum koj siv qoj ib ce los yog ntev li ntawm). Hauv cov ntawv tshiab, tag nrho cov kev coj cwj pwm no raug ua ke, vim cov kws kho mob tam sim no pom tias cov neeg txom nyem muaj peev xwm koom tau ntau yam kev coj cwj pwm.
Tsab ntawv tshiab tseem tso cai rau cov kws kho mob kom paub tseeb tias tus neeg ntawd yog ib feem ntawm lossis ib qho kev pauv (rov qab) ntawm qhov teebmeem, thiab seb lawv tus mob tsis zoo npaum li cas.
Cov theem kev mob hnyav yog nyob ntawm seb tus neeg tau ntsib ntau npaum li cas thiab ua rau lub plawv mob li cas thiab ntau npaum li cas tus kab mob cuam tshuam txhua hnub.
Lwm Hom Kev Pub Noj los yog Kev Noj Haus
Lub DSM-V muaj ob hom kev noj zaub mov txawv: "lwm yam kev qhia txog kev noj zaubmov lossis kev noj zaubmov" thiab "tsis qhia kev noj zaubmov lossis kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj teebmeem." Cov no tau raug ua ke xws li "kev noj zaub mov tsis yog - tsis txhais hais tias" hauv DSM-IV-TR.
"Lwm yam kev qhia txog kev noj zaubmov lossis kev noj zaubmov" yog ntau dua thiab siv rau cov neeg uas tuaj nrog qee qhov lossis feem ntau ntawm cov kev mob ntawm anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa lossis binge eating eating but tab sis tsis tau poob qhov nyhav txaus, tsis muaj teeb meem Cov tsos mob feem ntau txaus los yog tsis tau raug tsim txom ntev txaus kom tsim nyog rau kev kuaj mob.
Nws kuj muaj xws li kev ua teebmeem (purging disorder) uas tshwm sim thaum ib tus neeg siv tus cwj pwm coj tsis zoo tab sis tsis ua rau nws tus cwj pwm coj tsis tus (xws li hauv thev naus laus).
"Unspecified feeding or eating disorder" yog rau cov teeb meem uas tsis haum rau hauv qeb tam sim no lossis thaum tus kws kho mob tsis muaj xov xwm txaus (xws li hauv chav kho mob ceev).
Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Ntseeg yog Kev Ua Haujlwm hauv Kev Txhim Kho
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias DSM yog ib txwm, thiab yeej tau ua tiav lawm, ib qho haujlwm ua tiav. Tseem muaj kev sib cav thiab kev tsis sib haum nrog cov tub txawg txog txawm tias cov txheej xwm tshaj tawm tam sim no.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau hauv DSM muab cov neeg soj ntsuam thiab cov kws kho mob nrog ib hom lus tham txog thiab piav qhia txog cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg muaj teeb meem, thiab lawv xav tau kev kho mob.
Yog tias koj, lossis ib tus neeg koj paub, yog mob los ntawm qee qhov lossis tag nrho cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev noj zaub mov, thov nrog kws kho mob, kws kho mob lossis kws kho kev puas hlwb rau kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev kho mob.
Qhov chaw:
Mental Association Association. (2013). Diagnostic thiab daim ntawv qhia ntawm phau ntawv mob hlwb (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Sau.
Mental Association Association. (2000). Diagnostic thiab daim ntawv qhia ntawm phau ntawv mob hlwb (4th ed., Kho Lus Txhais Lus). Washington, DC: Sau.