Cov Kuaj Mob Puas Hlwb Zoo Li Cas?

Yav dhau los tiam tshuaj siv tseem siv ua ntej kho kab mob

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hlwb, hu ua "first-generation antipsychotics", yog hom tshuaj psychotropic siv los kho cov kev mob hlwb . Psychosis txhais tias yog kev coj tus cwj pwm uas tus neeg tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj tiag, feem ntau tshwm sim nrog kev xav thiab kev tsis txaus siab .

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau tsim muaj txij li tau ua los ntawm ib chav kawm tshuaj tshiab uas hu ua atypical antipsychotics .

Atypical antipsychotics thawj zaug tau pib rau xyoo 1990 thiab paub tias muaj tsawg dua cov kev phiv tshaj li cov neeg ua ntej.

Psychosis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas hlwb los yog kev mob lub cev uas cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb thiab tus cwj pwm. Cov kev puas siab puas ntsws feem ntau yog txuam nrog ib qho psychotic rov qab muaj xws li:

• Kev puas siab puas ntsws bipolar
• Schizophrenia
• Tom qab teeb meem tsis zoo siab (PTSD)
• Psychotic kev nyuaj siab
• Postpartum psychosis

Kev mob nkeeg feem ntau yog txuam nrog psychosis xws li qaug dab peg, mob kab mob HIV, Parkinson's mob, stroke, hlwb hlav, laus-dementia, thiab kev siv yeeb tshuaj methamphetamine.

Hom thiab Generic Npe

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antipsychotics tau tsim thawj xyoo thaum xyoo 1950 los kho kev puas hlwb. Kev kho hnub no tau txuas ntxiv nrog rau kev mob siab, mob siab, thiab lwm yam mob nyhav. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kws kho mob tau txais tam sim no rau kev siv hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas muaj xws li:

• Haldol (haloperidol)
• Loxitane (loxapine)

• Mellaril (thioridazine)
• Moban (molindone)
• Navane (thiothixene)
• Orap (pimozide)
• Prolixin (fluphenazine)
• Serentil (mesoridazine)
• Stelazine (trifluoperazine)
• Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
• Trilafon (perphenazine)

Nrog cov kev qhia txog cov tshuaj kws kho mob tshiab, tsis yog txhua hom tshuaj tiv thaiv mob hlwb siv thaum lawv tau nyob. Compazine (prochlorperazine), piv txwv, ntau zaus siv los kho kev ntxhov siab lossis tswj kev xeev siab thiab ntuav.

Tej Teebmeem

Cov kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem sib txawv raws li cov tshuaj los yog kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj siv. Qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim kuj yuav mob me me thiab luv luv; lwm tus yuav tsum muaj sij hawm ntxiv thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lwm cov teebmeem. Feem ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li:

• Mob plab
• Kauj taub hau
• Ntuav
• Qaug dab peg
• Qhov hnyav nce
• Qhov ncauj qhuav
• Tics thiab tshee
• Kev tsaug zog
• Blurry qhov muag
• Nyob tsis tswm
• Cem quav

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab feem ntau yuav ua rau qee cov "qhia-taleas" cuam tshuam thaum piv rau cov atypical counterparts. Cov no muaj xws li hu ua extrapyramidal phiv uas cuam tshuam kev txav thiab kev hais lus.

Feem ntau hu ua "kab mob sib kis," cov tsos mob ntawm extrapyramidal muaj xws li tsis muaj qab hau, tshee tshee, hais lus slurred, thev xav, ntswj kev qeeb, thiab cov leeg tsis sib haum xeeb. Kwv yees li ntawm tsib feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev kho mob xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsim ib co kev mob ntawm extrapyramidal.

Tardive dyskinesia yog lwm cov nyhuv feem txuam nrog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv ntev. Nws yog lub zog ntawm lub cev thiab kev tsis sib thooj ntawm lub ntsej muag xws li ua rau ib tus nplaig, txhawj xeeb, los yog ua zom zawg.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Kho Mob

Thaum siv los kho tus mob hlwb, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog sau ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj xws li tus cwj pwm hauv lub siab, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab.

• Cov tswvcuab ua kom lub siab siv tau los pab txo txhua lub sijhawm losyog mob siab heev. Cov kev xaiv muaj xws li Tegretol (carbamazepine), Depakene (valproic acid), Lithobid (lithium), thiab Depakote (divalproex sodium).
• Antidepressants, raws li lawv lub npe, yog siv los kho tus mob kev nyuab siab thiab muaj peev xwm suav nrog rau ib yam ntawm 6 yam tshuaj: tshuaj serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), norepinephrine thiab dopamine rov ua dua (NDRIs), tricyclic tshuaj tua kab mob (antidepressants) (TCAs), cov tshuaj tiv thaiv monoamine oxidase (MAOIs), thiab atypical antidepressants.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, tseem hu ua benzodiazepines, tuaj yeem pab pw tsaug zog thiab ntxhov siab, tiam sis feem ntau tsuas yog qhia rau ib ntus xwb. Kev xaiv muaj xws li Klonopin (clonazepam), Valium (diazepam), Ativan (lorazepam), thiab Xanax (alprazolam).

Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho tshuaj hauv ob qho tib si hu ua Symbiax (fluoxetine / olanzapine) tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm US Food and Drug Administration, uas yog siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev mob hlwb nrog SSRI antidepressant.

> Source:

> Kasper, D .; Fauci, A .; Hauser, S. et al. Harrison Cov Txheej Txheem ntawm Tshuaj Kho Mob Sab Nraud . New York: McGraw Hill Kev Kawm Ntawv, 2015. Sau.