Tus Tub Ntxhais Kev Tsim Txom
Kev siv cov yeeb tshuaj ntawm cov hluas yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim.
Ib txoj kev siv tshuaj yeeb tshuaj tshawb fawb ntawm cov tub kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau pom:
- 72% hais tias lawv tau haus cawv lawm
- 42% haus dej haus cawv hauv lub hli dhau los
- 24% tau haus cov neeg haus dej haus cawv, muaj 5 los yog ntau tshaj haus hauv ib kab ke tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv lub hlis dhau los
- 37% tau haus luam yeeb marijuana thiab 20% smoked marijuana hauv lub hli dhau los
- 20% tau noj tshuaj kws kho mob sau tsis tau tshuaj
- 11% tau siv cov tshuaj txhaum cai
- 6% tau siv cocaine, 4% tau siv methamphetamines, thiab tshaj 2% tau siv tus heroin
Cov kev siv ntshav siab thiab kev siv yeeb tshuaj no ua rau kev ntsuam xyuas universal tseem ceeb. Qhov tseeb, American Academy of Pediatrics pom zoo kom txhua tus tub ntxhais hluas raug kuaj xyuas kev haus luam yeeb, dej cawv, thiab lwm yam kev siv tshuaj yeeb ntawm txhua tus menyuam kev kuaj mob.
Tshuaj Ntsuam Tshuaj
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom to taub tias thaum peb tham txog kev ntsuam xyuas thoob plaws hauv kev siv dej cawv thiab siv yeeb tshuaj, peb tsis tau hais txog kev soj ntsuam cov tshuaj universal, uas tag nrho cov menyuam yeej muaj tshuaj ntsuam.
Txoj kev kuaj xyuas kev kuaj tshuaj universal tsuas yog pab koj paub tias leej twg yog tus muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev siv yeeb tshuaj los ntawm kev nug lawv - tab sis tsis yog xeem cov ntshav los yog cov zis kuaj.
Muaj ntau cov kws kho mob siv cov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm ob qho tib si CRAFFT Screening Tool los ntawm Lub Chaw Rau Cov Tub Ntxhais Hluas Kev Quab Yuam (CeASAR) tom Lub Tsev Khomob Children's Hospital Boston los saib cov hluas rau kev siv tshuaj yeeb thiab dej caw ntau.
Nws pib los ntawm nug peb lo lus nug txog seb tus menyuam haus cawv, haus luam yeeb, lossis siv lwm yam kom tau siab.
Yog tias tus menyuam yaus teb tau rau ib qho ntawm cov lus nug no, lawv mam li nug txog 6 lwm cov lus nug CRAFFT, ib qho uas siv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov lus nug:
- C - Koj puas tau caij tsheb hauv lub tsheb uas tsav los ntawm ib tus neeg (nrog rau koj tus kheej) uas "siab" lossis tau siv dej cawv lossis tshuaj yeeb?
- R - Koj puas tau siv dej cawv los yog tshuaj yeeb rau RELAX , puas zoo rau koj tus kheej, los yog haum rau hauv?
- IB - Koj puas tau siv cawv / tshuaj thaum koj tuaj ntawm koj tus kheej, TSIS YOG ?
- F - Koj puas tau ua tej yam koj tau ua thaum siv cawv lossis tshuaj yeeb?
- F - Ua koj tsev neeg los yog cov phooj ywg puas tau qhia rau koj tias koj yuav tsum tau txo qhov koj haus dej caw lossis siv yeeb tshuaj?
- T - Koj puas tau ua rau TUB tse thaum koj tseem haus cawv lossis tshuaj yeeb?
Ib qho yog rau txhua qhov muaj lus teb rau cov lus nug CRAFFT. Cov tub hluas ntxhais hluas uas tau twv txiaj los ntawm ob lossis ntau tshaj ntawd yog xav tias muaj qhov zoo, thiab raws li AAP, "lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo siab vim muaj kev quav tshuaj muaj yees." Txawm tias TXAWJ PEEV ntawm cov qhab-nees ntawm ib tus tuaj yeem qhia tias muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev muaj teeb meem siv tshuaj yeeb dej caw, tab sis, thiab yuav qhia tau tias yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov tias txawm tias cov hluas uas tsis kam siv cov tshuaj yeeb los yog dej cawv kuj tseem raug nug txog CRAFFT 'Car' nug.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum qhia me ntsis kom tsis txhob haus cov dej cawv los yog siv lwm yam tshuaj, thiab xa lawv mus rau kev kho thaum tsim nyog, kev ntsuam xyuas universally kuj pub rau cov menyuam yaus uas tsis qhia txog kev siv tshuaj yeeb los yog dej caw nrog " lawv lub peev xwm los xaiv kev noj qab haus huv. "
Kev Kuaj Tshuaj
Puas yog koj tus hluas siv tshuaj yeeb?
Lawv puas muaj cov phooj ywg tshiab, poob qhab nee, los yog puas tau ntsib teebmeem ntau dhau? Ntau tus niam txiv sai sai mus tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yeeb tshuaj thaum lawv txhawj xeeb lossis xav tias lawv cov menyuam yuav siv tshuaj.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev tshuaj xyuas cov hluas yog qhov teeb meem ntau dua li tsuas yog yuav ib qho kev sim tshuaj hauv tsev, nrhiav koj tus tub ntxhais hluas tshuaj rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, los yog tseem coj koj tus menyuam mus rau nws tus kws kho mob.
Tej yam uas xav txog yog:
- qhov AAP yog tiv thaiv kev tshuaj xyuas kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov hluas
- txoj kev kuaj tshuaj yuav tsis pom zoo txawm hais tias tus hluas siv tshuaj yeeb yog tias qhov kev kuaj ntawd tau ntau tshaj li ob rau peb hnub tom qab lub sij hawm dhau los siv yeeb siv tshuaj (qhov rai qhov tshawb tau)
- Kev soj ntsuam cov tshuaj feem ntau tsis suav cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw ntau, xws li haus dej cawv, ecstasy, thiab tshuaj tua kabmob
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav raug tua los ntawm cov hluas yog tias cov zis kuaj hnyav dua, hloov nrog lwm tus neeg tus qauv, los sis yog tias tus qauv yog deev luag poj luag txiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem pom txoj kev kuaj zis
- tshuaj sim tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam tsis pub muaj kev ywj pheej thiab yuav tsim tau "ib qho chaw ntawm kev tsis txaus ntseeg, tsis muaj kev ntseeg, thiab muaj kev ntseeg" ntawm cov hluas thiab lawv niam lawv txiv
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sim tshuaj no tej zaum kuj nyuaj rau kev txhais lus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev sib tw nrog txoj kev kuaj tsis muaj tseeb - kev sim tshuaj uas zoo vim yog cov tshuaj noj lossis zaub mov tom khw, xws li cov noob nroj tuaj.
Tus AAP qhia tias kev kuaj tshuaj yuav ua tau raws li kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas rau cov hluas hauv kev quav tshuaj yeeb tshuaj. Kev siv tshuaj rau lwm tus kuj yuav siv tau, raws li AAP, "thaum nws tsim nyog los txiav txim qhov ua rau tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thiab lwm yam kev hloov hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws los yog tus cwj pwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev."
Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, cov hluas xav tias kev siv yeeb tshuaj, tab sis leej twg tsis kam siv tshuaj yeeb thiab dej cawv siv yeeb tshuaj, yuav tsum raug xa mus rau "tus kws kho mob tsim nyog rau kev ntsuam xyuas, kev pab tawm tswv yim, thiab kev kho mob raws li xav tau." Nco ntsoov, kev kuaj tshuaj tsis zoo yuav tsis tas mus txhais tau hais tias koj tus hluas tsis siv tshuaj los yog haus dej cawv, thiab txoj kev kuaj tshuaj zoo yuav tuaj yeem xa ntawv mus rau yav tom ntej.
Tshuaj Tests
Ntxiv nrog rau kev sim tshuaj hauv tsev tshuaj thiab kev soj ntsuam hauv tsev kawm ntawv, uas yog AAP tiv thaiv, kev ntsuam xyuas tshuaj uas yuav ua tau thaum tsim nyog muaj kev siv tshuaj yeeb dej tshuaj uas kuaj sim li 5 txog 10 yam tshuaj, nrog rau:
- Amphetamines (amphetamine thiab methamphetamine)
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines (Valium thiab Xanax)
- Cocaine metabolites
- Cov tshuaj ntsuab metabolites (ntawm 20, 50, los yog 100 ng / mL)
- Tshuaj txiav yeeb (Methadone)
- Methaqualone
- Opiates (morphine, codeine, hydrocodone)
- Phencyclidine
- Propoxyphene
Ethyl cawv feem ntau yuav ntxiv rau feem ntau ntawm kev tsim tshuaj yeeb tshuaj, thiab.
Nco ntsoov xav txog qhov ua tau zoo thiab qeev ua ntej koj mus kuaj tshuaj rau koj tus hluas.
Qhov chaw:
American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Tshuaj Siv Tshuaj Ntsuas, Tshawb Fawb, thiab Xa Mus Rau Kev Kho Mob rau Cov Neeg Phais Yeem. Pediatrics 2011; 128: 5 e1330-e1340.
American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Kev Haus Cawv Siv Los ntawm Cov Hluas thiab Cov Hluas: Kev Txhawj Txog Me Nyuam Kev Nyuaj Siab. Pediatrics 2010 125: 1078-1087.
American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Kev Xeem txog Kev Yeeb Tshuaj ntawm Txoj Kev Tsim Txom ntawm Cov Menyuam Yaus thiab Cov Hluas: Daim ntawv Ntxiv - Kev Xeem hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv thiab Tom Tsev. Pediatrics Vol. 119 Tsis muaj. 3 Lub Peb Hlis 2007, pp. 627-630.
American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Report. Luam Yeeb, Dej Cawv, thiab Lwm Cov Yeeb Tshuaj: Lub Koom Haum ntawm Tus Me Nyuam Rau Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv, Kev Taw Qhia, thiab Kev Tswj Kev Yeeb Yam Tshuaj. Pediatrics 2005 115: 816-821.
CDC. Cov Menyuam Ris Txheej Txheem Kev Ris Tsho - Tebchaws Asmeskas, 2009. MMWR. Vol. 59. Tsis yog SS-5. Lub Rau Hli 4, 2010.